endocrine & blood exam

Which are the two endocrine glands in the head region?

C. Pituitary and pineal

Which of the following is not classified under the chemistry of hormones?

A.   Nonsteroidal

B.    Prostaglandins

C. Histamines

D.   Steroidal

C. Histamines

Which of the following is not a stimulus for the endocrine glands?

A.   Humoral

B.    Neural

C. Enzymatic

D.   Hormonal

C. Enzymatic

Which of the following is correct?

A.   Steroid hormones are water soluble, cannot cross the cell membrane

B. Nonsteroid hormones are water soluble, cannot cross the cell membrane

C.    Nonsteroid hormones are lipid soluble, can cross cell membrane

B. Nonsteroid hormones are water soluble, cannot cross the cell membrane

Which of the following hormone signaling mechanism involves binding of the water soluble hormones -> binds to receptors on the plasma membrane -> activates G protein -> binds to adenylyl cyclase -> converts ATP to cyclic AMP -> cAMP activates protein kinase to synthesize other proteins

B. Second messenger system

Oxytocin produces more and more uterine contractions during labor is a perfect example of which of the following mechanism

A.   Negative feedback mechanism

B. Positive feedback mechanism

B. Positive feedback mechanism

Which gland controls all the other endocrine glands and is called the “master gland”

C. Pituitary gland

Insulin is produced in response to changing levels of blood glucose levels. This falls under which type of stimuli

A.   Hormonal

B. Humoral

C.    Neural

B. Humoral

Which of the following best describes the endocrine glands

A.   Secretions are predominantly enzymes that get drained through ducts

B. Secretions are predominantly hormones that directly get into the surrounding capillaries

B. Secretions are predominantly hormones that directly get into the surrounding capillaries

which is the endocrine organ located in the chest

thymus

Where is the pituitary gland located

B. Sella turcica

Which are the hormones secreted by the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland

C. Oxytocin and ADH

What is the effect of tyro calcitonin on the blood calcium levels

B. To decrease the blood calcium levels

What is the action of Luteinizing hormone on the ovaries

B. Ovulation

What is the action of FSH on the testes

B. Sperm production

Which endocrine gland sceretes the hormone that is responsible for delaying puberty to the normal age

B. Pineal

What is the action of insulin?

C. Decreases blood sugar level

Which zone of the adrenal cortex secretes mineralocorticoids

C. Zona glomerulosa

What are the secretions from the adrenal medulla

C. Epinephrine, norepinephrine

Which hormone is responsible for the maturation of the “T” lymphocytes and plays a very important role for the immune system

C. Thymosin

What is the medical term for red blood cells

B. Erythrocyte

How many % of blood is red blood cells also known as hematocrit

C. 45%

What is the normal pH of blood

B. 7.35 to 7.45

What is in the buffy coat

C. Leukocytes and platelets

Which of the following pressure helps to pull tissue fluid back into the capillaries

B. Osmotic pressure

Which of the following is not a plasma protein

A.   Albumin

B.    Bilirubin

C.    Globin

D.   Fibrinogen

D.   Fibrinogen

Where are all the blood cells produced

C. By the stem cells of the red bone marrow

Which of the red blood cells is nucleated

B. Immature/fetal red blood cells

What is the normal average HB%

B. 12 to 18 g / 100mL

What is the normal adult red blood cell count

C. 4.5 to 6 million / microliter

Which of the following is not needed for the maturation of red blood cells

A.   Iron

B.    Protein

C.    Folic acid and B12

D.   Iodine

D.   Iodine

What is the genetic problem that leads on to defective hemoglobin and shape of the red blood cells in sickle cell anemia

D.   Substitution of valine for glutamic acid

What is the agglutinogen (antigen) in “O” group

D.   “No” antigen

Which group is called a “universal recipient”

C. “AB” group

What group blood can a “B” group person receive

B, O

To which groups can a person with “A” group donate

“A, AB” group

How many % of the population are Rh+

D.   85%

What should be the blood type of the mother, father, and the first child for Rh isosensitization to occur

B. Mother -, Father +, First child +

What is the disease resulting from Rh compatibility between the mother and the fetus

C. Erythroblastosis fetalis (Hydrops)

Who should receive injection Rhogam within 48 hours of delivery

C. To a Rh negative mother who delivers a Rh positive child

What group of leukocyte does lymphocyte belong to

B. Agranular leukocytes

Which of the following leukocytes have multi-lobed nucleus joined by nuclear threads and increase in response to bacterial infection

D.   Neutrophils

What are the leukocytes with bi-lobed nucleus, reddish granules in the cytoplasm and increase in response to allergies

C. Eosinophils

Which leukocytes have a single dark purple nucleus occupying most of the cell and increases in response to viral infections

C. Lymphocytes

Which leukocytes have a U/S shaped nucleus with dark blue cytoplasmic granules that release heparin and histamine

D.   Basophils

What is the second phase of hemostasis

C. Platelet Plug Formation

What is the normal clotting time

C. 2 to 6 minutes