Macroevolution

Co-speciation

a process in which two groups of organisms speciate in response to each other and at the same time - common in parasites

Clade

evolutionary branch of a cladogram that includes a single ancestor and all its descendants

Who's idea was the great chain of being?

Aristotle

Analogous

Separate evolutionary origins but superficially similar because of natural selection - convergent evolution

Homologous evolution

A trait is shared because it belonged to a common ancestor

Macroevolution

large-scale evolutionary changes that take place over long periods of time

Stasis

many lineages of a tree of life don't change much for a long time - living fossils

Character change

lineages can change quickly or slowly; in a single direction or in reverse; within a single lineage or across several lineages