Dual Credit U.S History- Chapter 22 Vocab

W.E.B. Du Bois

fought for African American rights. Helped to found Niagara Movement in 1905 to fight for and establish equal rights. This movement later led to the establishment of the NAACP

Clayton Antitrust Act

1914 act designed to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890; certain activities previously committed by big businesses, such as not allowing unions in factories and not allowing strikes, were declared illegal.

Eugenics

study of factors that influence the hereditary qualities of the human race and ways to improve those qualities

Federal Reserve System

The country's central banking system, which is responsible for the nation's monetary policy by regulating the supply of money and interest rates

Federal Trade Commission

a federal agency established in 1914 to investigate and stop unfair business practices

Interstate Commerce Act

Established the ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission) - monitors the business operation of carriers transporting goods and people between states - created to regulate railroad prices

Keating-Owen Act

Law enacted to protect against child labor by prohibiting the interstate shipping of goods in which someone under 14 worked to make

Meat Inspection Act

1906 - Laid down binding rules for sanitary meat packing and government inspection of meat products crossing state lines.

Muckraker

1906 - Journalists who searched for corruption in politics and big business

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

a civil rights organization that fights for racial equality and social justice. was founded in New York City in 1909 by a group of civil rights activists, legal experts, and others.

19th amendment

Gave women the right to vote

Pure Food and Drug Act

1906 - Forbade the manufacture or sale of mislabeled or adulterated food or drugs, it gave the government broad powers to ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs in order to abolish the "patent" drug trade. Still in existence as the FDA.

Upton Sinclair

muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things he had seen.

16th amendment

Allows the federal government to collect income tax

square deal

Theodore Roosevelt's promise of fair and equal treatment between companies and people

william howard taft

27th president of the U.S.; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt's support and was defeated for a second term.

watered stock

when a corporation issues shares for less than their fair market value

woodrow wilson

28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize

wisconsin idea

Package of reform ideas advocated by LaFollette that included Initiative, Recall, Referendum