Biological Bases of Behavior Flashcards

Flashcards covering key concepts from the Biological Bases of Behavior lecture, including heredity, the nervous system, neurons, neurotransmitters, the brain, and sleep.

What are the two interacting elements in the biological bases of behavior?

Heredity/nature and environment/nurture.

What are the key concepts within the evolutionary perspective related to the biological bases of behavior?

Natural selection, survival of the fittest, reproductive success, and eugenics.

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

What are the two branches of the peripheral nervous system?

Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system.

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system.

What are the three types of neurons involved in a reflex arc?

Sensory neuron, interneuron, and motor neuron.

List examples of neurotransmitters.

Dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, glutamate, GABA, endorphins, substance P, acetylcholine.

List examples of hormones.

Adrenaline, leptin, ghrelin, melatonin, oxytocin.

What are some types of psychoactive drugs?

Stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, and opioids.

What brain structure filters incoming information and regulates arousal and reward?

Reticular activating system (RAS).

Name the lobes of the cerebral cortex.

Occipital lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and frontal lobe.

What are the key structures of the limbic system?

Thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, hippocampus, and amygdala.

What are some examples of techniques used in brain scans and research?

EEG, fMRI, case studies, and lesioning.

What are the stages of sleep?

NREM (stages 1-3) and REM sleep.

What are some common sleep disorders?

Insomnia, narcolepsy, REM sleep behavior disorder, sleep apnea, and somnambulism.