therapies for mental disorders

systemtatic desensistization

exposuree therapy

works for phobias PTSD and other anxiety-related disorders

behavior us a product of learning

past conditioning, and observation

in vitro stimulus

reallife exposure to phobia

in vivo stimulua

imagine exposure to phobia

(in vivo and vitro ) stimulus

like virtual reality

anxiety hirarchy

create a list of what makes the stimulus anxiety inducing, and ranks them

deeep muscle relaxation

deep breathing, deep relaxation technqieus

interacting with stimuli

CAN BE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO

3 steps to through systematic desensitions

1. create an anxiety hierarchy

2. starting from lowest level of anxiety heirarchy tackle that level

breif exposure therapy video

22 yrarold mariam

mariam has a fear of snakes

i have dreams of snakes it’s horrible

outstanding success in just one week

earst does it in just 3 HOURS it’s just as EFFECTIVE.

earst.. challenges not FORCES.. interviews her for 45 min to prep her

he identifies the CATRASTROPHIC BELEIF.

her’s is that she will have heart failure.

deep muscles or relaxation techniques dont help ( deep breathing masks anxiety and patient does not learn that anxiety isnt dangerous )

if you stay exposed to situation long enough then anxiety level calms down. confidence is increasing, patient is accepting to take in new information, positive reinforcement, and modeling.

he is patient and calm.

he shows an 80% imporvement which is maintained after a ONE YEAR follow up

one needs to experience one’s negative emotions, and expose them as not real

some people think it’s cruel, but everything is done with consent of a patient. surprisngly few people who are unwilling to take that point.

virtual reality can be used as well .

brief exposure therapy vs systematic desensitiization

SAME

• they both do anxiety herarchy. they both take a gradual approach

DIFFERENT

• its more intense. you dont start with thinking about it.

• one session opposed to several sessions

• doesnt train person in deep relaxation techniques ( only done for hyperventilators)

• identify CATASTROPHIC BELIEF,

• aim is to gain new knolwedge to challenge that catastrphic beleife

• it’s a cognitive approach

• ( mariam’s was that: if a snake is loose and i cant ecsape im going to have a heart fialure )

• biggest indicator of success is not initial anxiety, but motivation to succeed.

• should only be done by a proffesional, trained in therapy. to short of an exposure can lead to a greater anxiety

• there is a debate on whether it’s ethical for kids because it’s tense ( but it works for kids )

• it’s not for everyone cause it’s so intense. especially for people with PAST TRAUMAS and SEVER MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES

social skills training can be used for assertiveness

True process looks like forming new freindship then eventually standing up to their boss

cignitive behavior therapy

subject these thoughts to reality testing. by taking a logical approach to idnetifying what is reality. making a list of evident to support and contradict that thought

identifying maladaptive thinking

activity scheduling - intentionally planning and enjoying fun activities to improve ejoyment of life.

biomedical therapies

electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT )

produce a seizure in the cortex of the brain

some people think its just a placebo because relapse rates are high, but this only used for people as a last resort. so that’s not a good argument. these people already have a high relapse rate

ECT THERAPHY PATIENT VIDEO

• no memory of a year of her life at all. she knows it helps other people. but for her she think they considered it too early, and its pushed too early on people.

• she did not THINK IT was worth it. wold never do it again.

• could have learned to cope with counseling and dealing with a trauma

• SEVERY MEMORY LOSS.

• it’s not understood. we dont understand what it does to the brain yet.

• it brings around changes in checmical levels in your brain

• it causes MEMORY PROBLEMS

tardive dyskeninesia

a nueorlogical disorder characterised by constrant tremors nad involuntary spastic movements

first generation antipsyhcotics caused thise SEVERE condition

soome people need drugs for their dorsders

organic imbalance of transmitters that make peopel require drugs

lamert’s theory (spelling may be wrong )

breaksdion the common factors between types of therapies that lead to success ( into percentages of how central they are to succes) .

extratherapeutic factors ( MOST IMPORATNT: (client characteristics that dont have anything to do with therapist or tratments )

relationship facotes: therapeutic allaince. AKA lien between client and therpy

EXPECTANCY FACTORS: do you beleive its going to work

technique ( specific treatment ): strategies unique to the various treatment.

therapy is effective due to ocmmon factors and not uniqe factors in style of treatment

telepsyhcology issues

• issue might be parent distracting child, putting kid on their lap

• cofnidentiality, someone could walk into the room

• confidentiality zoom call could be hacked

• zoom orphone

computerized treatment

• subscribe to program

• and take some modules online

• like an online course

• can include practice excercises and homework

• some may include limited access to therapist

• can be effective and long-lasting, risks are small

model of complete mental health video

• one of major models in posotive psychology

• two axis

• one for mentall ilness

• one for mental well-being ( florusihig==GOOD and langusihing == BAD )

• we all exit in one of rhese quadrants

• and each access is a continuom so our position in a quadrant can change

• THESE CAN CHANGE FROM DAY-TO-DAY

• our mental health is fluid and forever changing, day-to-day.

• this mean poor wellbeing or illness dont permanently make you unalbe to work. there is always hope with right reatment and support.

• important for HR and managers to understand. people can be sick and still have good well-being.

+ mental well being

- no mental diagnosis

( NOTE THAT THIS IS POSSIBLE )

- mental well being

- no mental diagnosis

( note that this

these are two of the quadrants on the grid. other two are kind of intuitive