Medical Terminology Chapter 6 GRCC

ankyl/o

bent, crooked

arthr/o

joint

brachi/o

arm

burs/o

bursa

calcane/o

heel

calci/o

calcium

carp/o

wrist

cephal/o

head

cervic/o

neck

chondr/o

cartilage

condyl/o

knob/knuckle

cost/o

rib

crani/o

skull

dactyl/o

fingers, toes

fasci/o

fascia

femor/o

femur

fibr/o

fiber

humer/o

humerus

ili/o

illium

ischi/o

ischium

kyph/o

hump

lamin/o

lamina

leiomy/o

smooth muscle

lumb/o

lumbar

maxill/o

upper jaw

metacarp/o

metacarpal

my/o

muscle

myel/o

spinal cord

oste/o

bone

patell/o

knee

ped/i

foot

pelv/o

pelvis

phalang/o

finger or toe bone

pod/o

foot

pub/o

pubes

rachi/o

spine

radi/o

forearm bone

rhabd/o

rod-shaped

rhabdomy/o

striated muscle

scapul/o

scapula

scoli/o

curved

spondyl/o

vertebra

stern/o

sternum

synov/o

synovial membrane

tars/o

tarsus

tend/o

tendon

thorac/o

thorax

tibi/o

tibia

uln/o

ulna

vertebr/o

vertebra

what does the musculoskeletal system have?

bones, joints, muscles

osseous tissue

bone tissue

osteocytes

mature bone cells

cartilage

A connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and that protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing together.

osteoblasts

bone forming cells

osetoclasts

break down bone

ossification

process of bone formation

diaphyses

shaft of a long bone

epiphysis

End of a long bone

epiphyseal plate

growth plate

short bones

cube shaped bones of the wrist and ankle

flat bones

These bones are thin, flat, and curved. They form the ribs, breastbone, and skull.

irregular bones

vertebrae and facial bones

sesamoid bones

round bones found near joints (e.g., the patella)

marrow

The soft connective tissue that fills the internal spaces in bone.

sutures

Areas where the cranial bones have joined together

fontanelles

soft spots normally present on the skull of a newborn

frontal bone

bone that forms the forehead

ethmoid bone

forms part of the posterior portion of the nose, the orbit, and the floor of the cranium

parietal bone

a bone forming the central side and upper back part of each side of the skull.

temporal bone

bone that forms parts of the side of the skull and floor of the cranial activity. There is a right and left temporal bone.

occipital bone

back of head

foramen magnum

A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.

nasal bones

form the bridge of the nose

lacrimal bones

forms the medial wall of each eye orbit

mandibular bone

lower jawbone

maxillary bones

form most of the upper jaw and holds the upper teeth

spinal column

vertebral

disk

pad of cartilage between vertebrae

cervical vertbrae

L1-L7 neck

Thoracic vertebrae

T1-T12 chest

lumbar vertebrae

L1-L5 lower back

sacrum

5 fused vertebrae

coccyx

four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone

thorax

chest

clavicle

collar bone

scapula

shoulder blade

sternum

breastbone

ribs

The bones in the chest that protect the heart and lungs.

true ribs

first 7 pairs of ribs; attach directly to sternum

pelvic girdle

hip bones

ilium

part of the hip bone

ischium

the lower, posterior portions of the pelvis

pubis

The medial anterior portion of the pelvis

pelvic cavity

Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum

pubic symphysis

cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones fuse together

pelvis

bone at the base of the trunk

humerus

upper arm bone

ulna

medial bone of the forearm

radius

lateral bone of the forearm