Academic Team Science

diamagnetism

its perfect form is shown by superconductors. opposes external magnetic fields

third law of thermodynamics

AKA Nernst Heat theorem. entropy of a perfect crystal is zero at absolute zero.

moraine

Swedish type known as Veiki. A ridge formed by the till deposited at the edge of a glacier.

bosons

full integer spins. graviton, pion, kaon, gluon, photon are all types of this

bathymetric map

map showing depths of body of water

corn

genus Zea. transgenic variety is drought-resistant

pituitary gland

releases ADH and oxytocin hormones

john snow

father of epidemiology

agnatha

class of jawless fish

ATP

first synthesized by Alexander Todd. major role in intercellular signaling

plasmids

small DNA molecules that can build up resistance against a drug

massif

one is named Sancy in southern france. mountain group with many faults.

interferometer

an L shaped one of these lets light pass through multiple times. splits and recombines a beam of light with a mirror.

platyhelminthes

lack anus, circulatory, and respiratory systems. simplest to have bilateral symmetry

translation

at the start of this, the ribosome binds to the shine-dalgarno sequence

flagella

move in runs and tumbles

bardeen

co invented transistor

photoelectric effect

when light shines on metal, charge (e-) is created

monopoles

theoretical particles that would cause magnetic field divergence to be nonzero.

nitrous oxide

used by doctor horace wells for boosting combustion and power

antimony

china is the biggest producer of this element

magnetite

chitons are mollusks with teeth with this in it. also found in black sand

catalysts

chlorine radicals from CFCs are these. Ziegler-Natta is one. lowers activation energy.

ozone

discovered by Schonbein. formed from the reaction of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides

metaphase

chromosomes are easiest to see in this phase

diffraction

1 circular variety of this effect is fresnel

coelom

cavity formed in gastrulation. not in platyhelminthes and cnidarians.

buoyancy

convective flows from this force are approximated with a method named for Boussinesq. if this force is above center of gravity, object is in static equilibrium.

stroma

calvin cycle takes place in this.

acetylcholine

curare inhibits a receptor for this neurotransmitter

pterophyta

phylum that includes ferns

electron transport chain

without oxygen, this process is replaced by fermentation

abscission

the process by which cells physically separate after cytokinesis.

ohms law

diodes dont obey this law

prions

group of misfolded proteins. incubation is determined with exponential growth rate.

salts

dissolved forms of these are called electrolytes

down syndrome

people with this condition almost always get alzheimers disease

photosynthesis

first half makes ATP, second half makes NADP

battery

first known example of these had multiple connected water jars

magnetic field

this phenomenon deflects most charged particles from reaching earth and protects ozone layer

bilateral symmetry

echinoderms in larvae stage show this property

piezoelectricity

this effect is commonly seen in quartz and lighters. stress or strain makes electric current

great divide

this hydrological feature starts has a triple peak in glacier national park

black hole

extracting energy from spinning ones of these is called Blandford-Zjanek process. surrounded by accretion disk.

restriction enzymes

these proteins include PAC-1 and ECO-R1. cuts DNA at specific sites.

tumor suppressors

these two-wore proteins oppose proteins that inhibit apoptosis.

biennial

examples of this kind of plant are parsley and black-eyed susans

batholith

made of many plutons making a big expanse of felsic rock. examples are found in sierra nevadas and coast mountains.

annihilation

this process with low energy makes photons. this process with high energy makes gluons.

polyprotic acid

examples of this type of acid are malonic and oxalic acid. show multiple equivalence points on titration curves

damping

decaying sinusoidal graph because of this. loss of energy in oscillations

pH

first proposed by Soren Sorenson. name refers to power of certain ion. logarithmic scale.

velocity

Bernoulli's equation says fluid pressure decreases when this vector quantity increases.

conjugate

in an acid-base reaction, one base and conjugate are formed by proton transfer. term for related acid-base pairs

thalamus

this structure is between midbrain and cerebral cortex. very involved in sleep and wakefulness patterns

calvin cycle

conducted in plants at day. makes glucose from captured CO2

peroxisome

this organelle oxidizes toxic substances with catalase

schwann cells

type of glial cell only in peripheral nervous system. provide support for neurons by forming myelin sheath of PNS

JJ Thomson

co developed mass spectrometry and worked with cathode rays

dirac

he quantized the gravitational field and discovered positrons

tombaugh

he researched ballistics and discovered pluto

neil degrasse tyson

director of hayden planetarium, host of new cosmos

morgan

biologist best known for fruit fly genetics

meitner

she discovered the auger effect and nuclear fission

moon

soil called regolith, and famous site called sea of tranquility

heisenberg

german physicist who worked on quantum mechanics and made his uncertainty principle

joule

physicist that made first law of thermodynamics and namesake SI unit of energy

clausius

his thesis on how refraction makes the sky blue was proven by Rayleigh to be scattering. introduced idea of entropy and second law of thermodynamics

power

in circuits, its calculated by multiplying voltage drop by current. in physics, its rate of work, SI unit is joules per second or watts. denoted P.

cell wall

in bacteria, this is made of peptidoglycan. in plants, its made of cellulose.

primitive streak

this linear structure establishes bilateral symmetry in mammals, birds, and reptiles.

prophase

in meiosis 1, this phase starts with leptotene, then zygotene. follows interkinesis in meiosis.

semiconservative

this method in replication uses a template strand to generate a new strand

hookes law

deals with elasticity. force to stretch a spring is proportional to movement distance

transcription

recognition sites for this process are TATA box and Pribnow box. RNA polymerase binds to start this process. makes RNA from DNA

ultrasonic

wavelengths with frequencies above audible range

red tide

this event can cause respiratory issues in humans. colorfully named bloom caused by dinoflagellates

glycolysis

this process makes 2NADH + 2ATP. glucose is used to make pyruvate

krebs cycle

this process occurs in cytosol and makes FADH2 + 3NADH

swim bladder

sharks dont have this organ, but they replace it with a big oily river to help with buoyancy. usually filled with oxygen.

nectar

venus fly traps secrete it to attract prey. eaten by hummingbirds and converted to honey by bees

beaufort scale

scale ranging from calm to hurricane (0-17). determines wind speed from sea's appearance

reflection

has a diffuse and specular type and doesn't occur at Brewster's angle. angle=angle of incidence

resistor

power in this circuit component is proportional to the square of the current and inversely proportional to the square of the voltage. impedes current flow.

xenon

heaviest stable noble gas, used in flash lamps

karst

terrain with big formations of water-soluble rock like limestone. creates many caves

plieotropy

one gene controls multiple phenotypes

mycology

study of fungi

nematodes

this phylum includes c. elegans and roundworms. it has bilaterally symmetric bodies and radially symmetric heads.

feynman

won nobel prize for contributing to quantum electrodynamics

magellanic clouds

two small irregular galaxies close to the Milky Way and named after a circumnavigator

lewis acids

these compounds are electron pair acceptors.

residue

leftover product of a chemical reaction or unit of a larger molecule

liquid crystal

this state of matter exhibits the twisted nematic effect in an electric field. used in namesake electronic displays.

electronegativity

measured by the Pauling scale, fluorine has the highest of this property. the ability of atoms to attract electrons.

sigma bond

strongest covalent bonds. forms a double bond when 2 orbitals overlap along with pi bond

albedo

measure of the reflectivity

reduction

reaction that gains electrons. often paired with oxidation.

dioecious

plants that require cross-pollination. male and female reproductive organs are separate plants

mcclintock

she studied cytogenetics and discovered transposons and jumping genes