Module 7: Electronic Structure & Periodic Law

Valence electron

The electron in the outermost shell of an atom are called

Valence shell

The electron in the outermost shell of an atom are called valence electron, and the outermost shell is called

Chemical properties

The electrons in the outermost shell determine the _________ of the element.

Stable configuration

The maximum number of electrons that can be present in the outermost shell is eight which represents a _________

Octet Rule or Rule of Eight

Atoms tend complete this outermost shell either by gaining or losing electrons. This tendency is called the

Ion

Once an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes charged, which is called as _____

Cations

Atoms with one, two or three electrons in their outermost shell tend to lose electrons and become positively charged atoms, called

Metals

Atoms with one, two or three electrons in their outermost shell tend to lose electrons and become positively charged atoms, called CATIONS. The number of electrons lost is the positive valence of the element. These kinds of atoms are called

Anions

Atoms which has five, six or seven electrons in their outermost shell tend to gain electrons and become negatively charged atoms called

Negative valence

The number of electrons gained in order to have a complete set of eight electrons is the _____ of the element

Non-metals

• Atoms which has five, six or seven electrons in their outermost shell tend to gain electrons and become negatively charged atoms called anions

• The number of electrons gained in order to have a complete set of eight electrons is the negative valence of the element. Such atoms are known as

Gain or lose

Atoms with complete maximum number of electrons in their outermost shell neither ________nor share electrons with other atoms.

Inner elements / Inert Gases

Atoms with complete maximum number of electrons in their outermost shell neither gain or lose nor share electrons with other atoms. Such atoms are the

Metalloids or Amphoteric elements

Atoms which have four electrons in their outermost shell either gain or loose electrons depending upon the element with which it is reacting. These are