IT Business and Ethics - CRASH COURSE

3C

Customer, Company, Competition.

4P

Product, Price, Place, Promotion.

Actions

Specific procedures for achieving goals and objectives.

Adaptive web

A server-based or client-based technology that checks the device that is trying to access the web and uses images tailored for the device of the user, allowing high-speed website access on a mobile device.

API economy

A series of activities involved in a company disclosing its internal business assets or services to a third party in the form of an application programming interface (API) to create additional business values through the production of new assets and consumptions.

Application Architecture (AA)

Stage of extracting information needed on the job, and of identifying and defining the activities for processing and managing such information. It also involves creating standards that define the functions needed for developing an application, and the characteristics and the environment of the application task.

Application virtualization

Through the virtualization of applications installed in individual PCs, users gain immediate access to needed applications without having to install them on their PCs every time.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The method of making computers or machines mimic human intelligence (cognition, inference, or learning) or the technology for researching the feasibility of doing so.

BAM (Business Activity Monitoring)

A technique for optimizing IT business processes that detects and controls process bottlenecks by monitoring processes in real time and recognizing risk factors in advance.

Barriers

The external environments and corporate weaknesses that impede an entity's ability to achieve its goals and objectives.

BCG Matrix

A market growth rate-market share matrix used by companies as a tool for evaluating their portfolio of products and business services during their marketing and sales planning activities.

Big Bang method (ERP deployment)

All modules and functions of the ERP system are deployed across the place of business at the same time.

BI (Business Intelligence)

A set of processes that seeks to improve the quality of business decisions and business performance through the summarization, analysis and use of enterprise data and information.

BI dashboard

A data visualization tool that displays in one glance the status of key quantified metrics and performance metrics for an enterprise.

Blockchain

A distributed ledger network technology in which P2P data blocks that are stored on a distributive network form chains with each other.

BOM (Bill of Materials) management

Management of the list of raw materials, components, and assemblies required to construct, manufacture or repair a product.

BPM (Business Process Management)

A technique for the consolidated management, optimization and automation of the flow of people, information resources, and tasks associated with IT business processes.

BPR (Business Process Reengineering)

A technique for redesigning business processes in a fundamental way in order to bring about a radical improvement in such performance indicators as cost, quality, service, and quickness.

BRE (Business Rule Engine)

A technique for effectively managing, automating, and optimizing processes by formalizing the complex business rules and process flows of an enterprise.

BSC (Balanced Score Card)

A technique for managing balanced performance by evaluating not only financial performances but also non-financial performances.

Business Architecture (BA)

Activities for designing and building interdependency among people, processes and information are carried out based on the findings of the business strategy analysis and the business environment analysis.

Business model

A strategic blueprint for organizing and implementing an enterprise organization's structure, processes, and systems to create value for the enterprise.

Business platform

A basic structure commonly used to produce or sell various products, viewed as a key strategy for securing a competitive edge using one’s enterprise ecosystem.

Business process

The step of describing the method and the job of organizing work in an enterprise.

Business rules

Rules that determine when, how, in what order, and which rules should be applied in business functions.

CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration)

A process level improvement training and appraisal program.

Cloud computing

A technology that lets people use IT resources (networks, servers, storage, and service applications) through the Internet as a service whenever they need them, without ever having to own them.

Co-Sourcing

A form of IT business outsourcing where IT planning, IT strategy, and IT service activities are separated.

COBIT 5 (Control Objects for Information and Related Technology 5)

A widely known IT governance framework reference model.

Collaboration CRM

Engages in interactions with the customers through a diverse range of channels.

Competence (SERVQUAL)

Possession of the technology and knowledge required for the provision of services.

Configuration Management (ISO/IEC 12207)

Defines configuration management activities and configuration details.

Copyright

A right arising to a person who created a work, and generally refers to an exclusive right granted to the author of a work by law.

Courtesy (SERVQUAL)

Courtesy, respect, consideration, and friendliness of front-line workers.

Credibility (SERVQUAL)

Credibility and honesty of the service provider.

CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

A management strategy system for studying customers’ tendencies and requirements in advance in order to create the products that customers want and to develop marketing strategies.

Crowdsourcing

The concept of opening up all phases of an enterprise’s operations to the participation of consumers and the general public alike, with revenue shared with participants if the enterprise's activities or revenues improve.

CSR (Customer Service Request) process

The process for requesting an IT service.

Customer understanding (SERVQUAL)

Making the effort to understand what customers want.

Data Architecture (DA)

Finds which documents are needed for the activities defined in the business model and designs a data model by understanding the interrelationships between all information, data, and data structures.

Deep Learning

A branch of machine learning and a method of solving problems similarly to how humans solve problems using an artificial neural network which performs the transfer and processing of information with multiple nodes, based on human neural network theory.

Desktop virtualization

Server-side desktop virtualization allows users to virtually own another heterogeneous desktop. Client-side desktop virtualization enables heterogeneous virtual desktops in PCs.

Deviation (SPC)

A product attribute which indicates the product's quality; refers to the distribution of values around a central value or the trend of this value.

Digital Currency

All currency shown or represented in electronic form.

Disruptive innovation

A technique for destroying existing markets and creating new markets by dominating the market with technological innovation/price destruction or pursuing a business strategy aimed at beating market leaders.

DSS (Decision Support System)

An interactive dialogue-based system that assists decision-makers with solving semi-structural and non-structural problems using data and analytical models.

EA (Enterprise Architecture)

A blueprint that explains the IT business of an enterprise in a way that is easy for the stakeholders to understand, so that the enterprise can achieve its strategic goals and the goals of its information resource management.

EDW (Enterprise Data Warehouse)

A system that can address, by subject matter, information analysis requests by users, through the integration of internal and external data.

Empathy (SERVQUAL)

The attention, effort and consideration given to customers by a service company.

Enablers

The external environments and corporate strengths that can boost a company’s ability to achieve its goals and objectives.

Enterprise solution

A collective term for the information systems that support the management activities which an enterprise must perform in order to maximize business efficiency and gain competitive advantages in its business environment.

ERP (Enterprise Resource Management)

A system that maximizes enterprise productivity by integrating the various management resources of an enterprise into a single system.

eSCM (eSourcing Capability Model)

An international quality assessment model used by service providers to objectively evaluate quality and capabilities in order to provide IT services to customers.

External environment analysis (Strategy)

An analysis of the environment surrounding a company and other external conditions.

FEAF (Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework)

An EA framework developed by the U.S. CIO Council.

Fintech

A new blue ocean in IT convergence, representing the intersection of finance and technology.

Functional approach, phased approach (ERP deployment)

ERP system modules are separated by their functions and the ERP system is deployed only on some modules.

GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)

A unified rule created by the European Parliament to strengthen the privacy of European citizens.

Goals

Measurable, high-level targets that support an entity in its efforts to achieve its mission.

HTML5

The next-generation HTML standard that allows rich web applications such as video, voice, and 2D graphics, without requiring a separate plug-in.

Hybrid Cloud

A form of cloud service that has scalability and combines the best of public cloud services and private cloud services, usable in parallel for special purpose applications.

Hype cycle

A diagram from Gartner that shows changes in the expected level of industrial economic value and the impact of new technologies in the IT sector over time.

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

An enterprise service that provides a virtualized environment of resources like servers, storages, and networks to companies who are permitted to use the resources whenever needed.

ICBM technology

Core technology enabling the hyper-connected society, consisting of Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing, Big Data, and mobile.

ILM (Information Life Cycle Management)

A series of processes for separating and managing storage media, necessitated by ongoing changes in the value of data or information throughout its life cycle.

Industrial property rights

Rights recognized for new industrial inventions, practical inventions, product forms or trademarks.

Information Leakage

Cases such as loss or theft of documents/devices containing personal information, unauthorized access to personal information systems, incorrect transmission of personal information to unauthorized persons, or permitting unauthorized access to personal information processing systems.

Information Life Cycle Management (ILM)

A series of processes for separating and managing storage media, which is necessitated by ongoing changes in the value of data or information throughout its life cycle.

Information Resource Management (IRM)

Efficient and integrated management of IT resources, aimed at preventing redundant investments and increasing returns on investments.

Information Subject

A person who can be identified by the information collected and processed and who is the subject of the information.

Initiatives

A set of activities carried out to implement a strategy.

Innovation trigger (Hype Cycle)

The time when new technologies are first introduced and people expect great things from them.

Intellectual Property Rights

Rights to intellectual property recognized or protected by laws or treaties, including knowledge, information, technology, expressions, representations, and other intangibles of realizable property value.

Internal environment analysis (Strategy)

Analysis focusing on a company’s internal elements and processes, resources, organizations, etc., and internal changes.

Internet of Everything (IoE)

Extension of IoT where humans, objects, spaces, data, and services are all connected together.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Transformation of M2M (Machine to Machine) driven by advances in sensor and network technologies, connecting humans to humans, humans to objects, and objects to objects.

IRM (Information Resource Management)

The efficient and integrated management of IT resources, aiming to prevent redundant investments and increase returns.

IRR (Internal Rate of Return)

A financial performance evaluation technique that expresses the expected annual revenues from investments against cash flows for the purpose of judging risk reduction.

ISP (Information Strategic Planning)

A plan that provides a rough sketch of the direction of information system deployment to aid an enterprise in realizing its long-term objectives.

IT business

All activities that are strategically carried out by integrating IT into a broad range of processes to realize the business objectives of a company.

IT Governance

A system that controls and manages IT-related resources and processes so that they are aligned with an organization's strategies and goals.

IT resources

Encompasses the people, processes, software and hardware used to run an IT business.

IT Subsidiary Company Outsourcing

A form of IT business outsourcing where the IT functionality is outsourced to a subsidiary company specializing in IT, established solely for this purpose.

IT-BSC (IT-Balanced Score Card)

A performance management tool that helps enterprises achieve their goals by introducing the concept of BSC in the evaluation of investment performance in the IT sector.

ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library)

A guideline for IT management and an IT service management framework which is a compilation of the best practices in IT service management, providing standard guidelines.

ITSM (IT Service Management)

A systemized method of managing IT services and the quality of such services.

Joint Review (ISO/IEC 12207)

Defines activities for comprehensively evaluating output and progress.

KPI (Key Performance Indicator)

A quantifiable indicator that contains the critical success factor (CSF) of an organization, used to measure the achievement of a goal.

Low-end disruption

The strategy of entering the low-end market by resolving the product complaints of overshot customers and entering the market through low-priced products that perfectly match the satisfaction levels of the customers.

Machine learning

The field of developing algorithms that machines use for learning; the science and technology of studying systems that autonomously improve their performance using empirical data gathered through interaction with the environment.

MBO (Management by Objective)

A system for managing the goals of an organization; a business management technique for setting goals and controlling/managing the path to meeting those goals for the purpose of improving individual performances and capabilities.

MDM (Mobile Device Management)

A solution for efficiently managing all the diverse mobile devices and applications used in enterprise operations.

MEAP (Mobile Enterprise Application Platform)

A platform that provides a comprehensive mobile environment for developing, executing, and operating mobile services.

Mission

A company’s objective or its main business; describes what an entity does for its own benefit and is not bound by time.

Network virtualization

L2, L3, L7 switches, network firewalls, and security equipment that had existed in the form of hardware appliances are implemented as virtual machines.

New market disruption

Enterprises target non-customers who consciously reject the products in the market or customers who are dissatisfied with existing products by launching innovative new products that utilize new technologies.

NPV (Net Present Value)

A financial performance evaluation technique that expresses the relationship between the cost and effect of the present value of a currency, taking into account the discount rate.

O2O (Online to Offline)

Describes consumers who check product information online before purchasing offline, or vice-versa. It can also mean paying online and receiving the good/service offline.

O4O (Online for Offline)

Expanding the scope of business operations from online to offline by leveraging the value provided to customers online.

Objectives

Specific, quantifiable and low-level targets which signal that the objectives have been reached.