Week 1 of Sophmore Year

These flashcards are sourced from the notes taken on week 1 of my Sophomore year at college

Vector

An arrow that shows the direction & magnitude of a force

Zero vector

a vector with a magnitude of 0 and no direction

Position vector

A vector whose tail is at (0,0) and whose head is the vector components

Magnitude for a Vector

sqrt(U1²+U2²+U3²)

Direction of the Vector

Vector components / the magnitude of the vector

Vector Scalar Multiplication

C*U = <C*U1 , C*U2>

Vector Addition

U+V = <U1+V1 , U2+V2>

Charge

A fundamental electrical quantity

Coulomb

The unit for charge

Current

Amount of charge that flows through a cross sectional area per unit of time

Ampere

The unit for current

Direct Current

Current that flows in one direction

Alternating Current

Current that changes the direction of flow with respect to time

Voltage

the difference in electrical potential between two points

Volts

the unit for voltage

Current flows ______ a circuit element

through

Voltage goes _______ a circuit element

across

Power

Work per unit of time

Watt

Unit for power

if P(t) > 0?

Then power is drawn by an element

if P(t) < 0?

Then power is supplied by an element

Power is equal to…

Voltage times Current

Passive Sign Convention

if the current is said to flow in the same direction as the voltage potential then use a positive sign whenever voltage and current are related to one another

Unit Vector

A unit vector is a vector with the same direction as the original vector but with a magnitude of 1

Vector Notation of <a,b,c>

a*I + b*J + c*k

Subtracting vectors of a - b

<a1-b1,a2-b2,a3-b3>

Dot Product of a*b is equal to…

a1*b1 + a2*b2

U*V = V*U

Communtative property of the dot product

U*0 =

zero (0)

U * (V+W)

U*V+U*W

U*U =

U1²+U2² = ||U||²

Geometric interpretation of the Dot Product

U*V = ||U||*||V||*Cos(theta)

Wave

A oscillation that propagates through a medium

Transverse Waves

A wave that propagates perpendicular to the source of the oscillations

Longitudinal Waves

A wave that propagates parallel to the source of the oscillations

What is Wavelength?

The distance between two consecutive peaks in a wave

In general, the velocity of waves is equal to…

the wavelength divided by the period

The velocity of waves traveling through a cord is equal to…

the square root of the quotient of the tension force and the mass per unit length

The velocity of waves traveling through a inflexible solid rod is equal to…

the square root of the quotient of youngs modulus and the density of the rod

The velocity of waves traveling through a gas or liquid is equal to…

the square root of the quotient of the bulk modulus and the density of the liquid or gas

Wave number (K) is equal to…

two pi divided by the wavelength

Phase is the…

displacement at time = 0 and distance = 0

What is the mathematical representation of a wave?

D(x,t) = A*sin(k*x-Omega*t+Phi)

Algorithm

A set of steps for performing a task

Machine language

Binary code a CPU can process

Portability

The degree to which a programming language allows for code to be made and run on seperate computers

Programming language

a set of key words and programs that convers written words into machine language

Source Code

Code written by a programmer

Source file

file that contains source code

Preprocessor

A program that searches for keywords and characters that call for the source code to be modified

Complier

A program that translates the modified source code into machine language

Object Code

Code that is translated into machine language

Linker

A program that links object code to a library of programs that run basic functions and operations

executable code

Code that is able to be run on a computer

Variables

A storage location in a computers memory that holds a piece of data

Variable Definition

A statement that defines a variables type