Sophomore english final vocab

Harangue

A lengthy and aggressive speech;

Harbinger

A person or thing that announces or signals the approach of another.

Harrow

To cause distress or torment.

Haughty

Arrogantly superior and disdainful.

Heinous

Utterly odious or wicked.

Herculean

Requiring great strength or effort.

Heresy

Belief or opinion contrary to orthodox religious doctrine.

Hiatus

A pause or gap in a sequence, series, or process.

Histrionic

Overly theatrical or melodramatic in character or style.

Hoax

A humorous or malicious deception; to trick or deceive.

Hoodwink

To deceive or trick.

Hybrid

A thing made by combining two different elements.

Hyperbole

Exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.

Idiosyncrasy

A mode of behavior or way of thought peculiar to an individual.

Ignominy

Public shame or disgrace.

Immaculate

Perfectly clean; free from flaws or mistakes, spotless, unblemished.

Immutable

Unchanging over time or unable to be changed.

Impeccable

Flawless; without any mistakes or faults.

Impediment

A hindrance or obstruction in doing something.

Impervious

Not allowing fluid to pass through; unable to be affected or disturbed.

Implacable

Unable to be placated; relentless, unappeasable.

Impugn

To dispute the truth of a statement or motive; to call into question.

Impunity

Exemption from punishment.

Inane

Lacking sense or meaning; silly, frivolous.

Inarticulate

Unable to speak distinctly or express oneself clearly.

incipient

adjective, in an initial stage; beginning to happen or develop, emerging, nascent; final, developed

incongruous

adjective, not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings; out of place, inappropriate; compatible, fitting

incumbent

adjective/noun, necessary for someone as a duty or responsibility; current officeholder, obligatory, mandatory; optional, nonessential

indigent

adjective, lacking financial resources; poor, impoverished; wealthy, affluent

indomitable

adjective, impossible to defeat or subdue; unconquerable, invincible; beatable, submissive

inert

dormant, inactive, immobile; active, operating

inexorable

merciless, determined, relentless; relenting, lenient (giving in)

inference

hypothesis, deduction,; proof, speculation

ingratiate

charm, flatter; offend, disgust

inordinate

excessive, lavish; modest, measured, moderate

inscrutable

excessive, lavish; modest, measured

insidious

subtle, dangerous, stealthy; pronounced, obvious

insipid

flavorless, flat, dull; flavorul, savory

intrepid

Willing to face the unknown.

inveigh

To protest or complain vehemently.

inveigle

To persuade someone to do something by deception.

inveterate

Having a particular habit or interest that is long-established and unlikely to change.

irascible

Easily provoked to anger.

irony

A situation that is strange or funny because things happen in a way that seems to be the opposite of what you expected.

jaunty

Having a cheerful, lively, and self-confident manner.

laconic

Using very few words.

latent

Existing but not yet developed or manifest.

lethargy

A lack of energy and enthusiasm.

loquacious

Tending to talk a great deal; talkative.

lucrative

Producing a great deal of profit.

lugubrious

Looking or sounding sad and dismal.

lurid

Causing shock or horror.

magnanimous

Generous or forgiving, especially toward a rival or less powerful person.

maudlin

Self-pityingly or tearfully sentimental.

mendacious

Not telling the truth; lying.

mendicant

A beggar.

mercenary

Primarily concerned with making money at the expense of ethics.

meticulous

meticulosamente, careful, precise; careless, cursory

mitigate

mitigar, ease, dismiss, assuage, alleviate; aggravate, intensify, exacerbate

mollify

relieve, calm, appease; enrage, inflame

moot

Debatable, arguable; Certain, indisputable, decided

motley

Diverse, varied, assorted, heterogenous; Homogenous, uniform, alike

mundane

Dull, ordinary, banal; Exciting, unique, refreshing

munificent

Generous, charitable, magnanimous; Parsimonious, stingy, cheap

naive

Inexperienced, unsophisticated, sophomoric; Experienced, cosmopolitan

nebulous

Murky, ambiguous, enigmatic, obscure, cryptic; Clear, obvious, unequivocable

nefarious

Evil, immoral, dark; Ethical, righteous, honorable

neophyte

Beginner, tyro, novice, convert; Veteran, connoisseur, expert

nocturnal

nightly; diurnal

noisome

Disgusting, pungent, putrid; Fragrant, pleasant

nonchalance

Disregard, complacence, apathy; Concern, interest

noxious

Harmful to living things (not to be confused with noisome); Poisonous, unwholesome, sickening

obdurate

Stubborn, callous, unyielding; Merciful, obedient, sympathetic, malleable, amenable

obloquy

Critical statement, slander, invective; Praise, compliment, eulogy

obsequious

Subservient, eager, servile (slavelike); Mutinous, uncontrollable, domineering

ominous

threatening, foreboding; benign, promising

omniscient

wise-all, all-knowing; unknowing, foolish

opprobrium

disgrace, shame, dishonor; honor, esteem

opulence

luxury, richness, prosperity; poverty, liability

orthodox

traditional, conventional, accepted; unconventional, untraditional

ostensible

apparent, seeming, alleged; vague, inapparent

ostracize

exclude, shun, banish; include, accept, invite

panacea

remedy, cure-all, elixir; toxin, venom

paradox

incongruence, puzzle, enigma; regularity, solution

paragon

exemplar, ideal, epitome; imperfection, flaw

parsimonious

cheap, frugal; altruistic, magnanimous

pejorative

insulting, derogatory, degrading, demeaning; complimentary, laudative

peremptory

authoritarian, arrogant; conditional, aptical, questionable

perfunctory

nonchalant, casual, cursory, habitual; meticulous, thorough, interest

pernicious

harmful, baneful; benign

perspicacious

Synonyms: shrewd, keen, cunning; Antonyms: ignorant, obtuse

pertinacity

Synonyms: stubbornness, persistence, doggedness; Antonyms: indecision, weakness

plagiarism

Synonyms: fraud, infringement; Antonyms: originality, authenticity

plebeian

Synonyms: commoner, coarse, crude; Antonyms: aristocratic, refined

plethora

Synonyms: excess, abundance, plenty; Antonyms: scarcity, lack

posthumous

Synonyms: post mortem; Antonyms: ante mortem (before death)

precarious

Synonyms: unsteady, uncertain, unsafe; Antonyms: stable, secure

precocious

Synonyms: mature, advanced, gifted; Antonyms: immature, backward

prerogative

Synonyms: privilege, right, advantage, entitlement; Antonyms: obligation, duty

prevaricate

Synonyms: fabricate, equivocate, lie; Antonyms: truth, honesty