Bursa and Tendon Sheaths

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Last updated 3:15 PM on 7/22/26
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12 Terms

1
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Bursa and Tendon Sheaths (General)

Synovial joints (all made of synovial membrane)

Joint capsule (inside joint)

  • Outer→fibrous membrane

  • Inner→synovial membrane

Closed sacs of synovial membrane can form OUTSIDE the joints

Made of synovial membrane→produce synovial fluid

  • Synovial bursae

  • Tendon sheaths

<p><em>Synovial joints (all made of synovial membrane)</em></p><p><u>Joint capsule (inside joint)</u></p><ul><li><p>Outer→fibrous membrane</p></li><li><p>Inner→synovial membrane</p></li></ul><p><u>Closed sacs of synovial membrane can form OUTSIDE the joints</u></p><p>Made of synovial membrane→produce synovial fluid</p><ul><li><p>Synovial bursae</p></li><li><p>Tendon sheaths</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Bursa

Reduces friction from movement between structures

Found between structures

  • Tendons (muscle ends)+bone

  • Tendons+joints

  • Skin+bone

<p>Reduces friction from movement between structures</p><p><u>Found between structures</u></p><ul><li><p>Tendons (muscle ends)+bone</p></li><li><p>Tendons+joints</p></li><li><p>Skin+bone</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Tendon Sheaths

Synovial membrane that surrounds tendon

Reduces friction of moving/sliding over another structure

<p>Synovial membrane that surrounds tendon</p><p>Reduces friction of moving/sliding over another structure</p>
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Types of Bursae of Glenohumeral Joint (General)

Subtendinous bursa of subscapularis

Subacromial bursa

Subdeltoid bursa

Other bursae near shoulder joint

  • Between acromion+skin

  • Between coracoid process+joint capsule

<p>Subtendinous bursa of subscapularis</p><p>Subacromial bursa</p><p>Subdeltoid bursa</p><p><u>Other bursae near shoulder joint</u></p><ul><li><p>Between acromion+skin</p></li><li><p>Between coracoid process+joint capsule</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Subtendinous Bursa of Subscapularis

Located between subscapularis and fibrous joint capsule

Formed by synovial membrane protruding from fibrous joint capsule

Communicates with articular cavity

Reduces friction between tendon+joint capsule

<p>Located between subscapularis and fibrous joint capsule</p><p>Formed by synovial membrane protruding from fibrous joint capsule</p><p>Communicates with articular cavity</p><p>Reduces friction between tendon+joint capsule</p>
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Subacromial Bursa

Located between+separates acromion from supraspinatus

Does not communicate with articular cavity

Fused with subdeltoid bursa

<p>Located between+separates acromion from supraspinatus</p><p>Does not communicate with articular cavity</p><p>Fused with subdeltoid bursa</p>
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Subdeltoid Bursa

Located between deltoid (muscle)+joint capsule

Doesn’t communicate with articular cavity

Fused with subacromial bursa

<p>Located between deltoid (muscle)+joint capsule</p><p>Doesn’t communicate with articular cavity</p><p>Fused with subacromial bursa</p>
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Bursitis (General)

inflammation of the bursa→synovial fluid buildup

due to

  • overuse

  • trauma

  • rheumatoid arthritis

common at joints that perform repetitive motion:
-shoulder
-elbow

<p>inflammation of the bursa→synovial fluid buildup</p><p><u>due to</u></p><ul><li><p>overuse</p></li><li><p>trauma</p></li><li><p>rheumatoid arthritis</p></li></ul><p>common at joints that perform repetitive motion:<br>-shoulder<br>-elbow</p>
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Bursitis Treatment

fluid aspiration

activity changes

anti-inflammatories

corticosteroid injections

recurrent-surgical removal of bursa

<p>fluid aspiration</p><p>activity changes</p><p>anti-inflammatories</p><p>corticosteroid injections</p><p>recurrent-surgical removal of bursa</p>
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Tendon Sheaths

synovial membrane surrounding tendons

allows for easier sliding of tendon over bone

ex: tendon of long head of biceps brachii→easier movement in intertubercular sulcus

<p>synovial membrane surrounding tendons</p><p>allows for easier sliding of tendon over bone</p><p>ex: tendon of long head of biceps brachii→easier movement in intertubercular sulcus</p>
11
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Shoulder Joint Replacement (General)

less common than hip/knee replacement

1950s→originally performed to tx severe shoulder fxs

now→tx of shoulder joints destroyed by arthritis
-disruption of articular surface
-bone spurs

<p>less common than hip/knee replacement</p><p>1950s→originally performed to tx severe shoulder fxs</p><p>now→tx of shoulder joints destroyed by arthritis<br>-disruption of articular surface<br>-bone spurs</p>
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Shoulder Joint Replacement Treatment

  1. surgical resection of arthritic bone of humerus

  2. replaces articular portion of head with metal ball

  3. stem of metal ball inserted into shaft of humerus

  4. prosthesis inserted into glenoid fossa of scapula→creates new socket for new head of humerus to articulate with

<ol><li><p>surgical resection of arthritic bone of humerus</p></li><li><p>replaces articular portion of head with metal ball</p></li><li><p>stem of metal ball inserted into shaft of humerus</p></li><li><p>prosthesis inserted into glenoid fossa of scapula→creates new socket for new head of humerus to articulate with</p></li></ol><p></p>