PERSONAL.docx

Self-Awareness

Understanding of who you are as a person.

Self-Empowerment

Recognizing one’s inner strengths and weaknesses to empower oneself.

Self-Concept

Person’s perceptions and beliefs about themselves.

Empathy

Refers to the ability to recognize and feel the emotions of others.

Self-Understanding

What you understand about yourself.

Self-Worth

Set of beliefs we hold about ourselves, also known as self-esteem.

Self-Image

How we see ourselves, such as whether we see ourselves as attractive or unattractive.

Ideal-Self

The person we would like to be.

Human Development

The way people change and grow across their life spans.

Physiological Development

Involves bodily changes and sexual maturation.

Adolescence

The stage from puberty to adulthood with rapid physical, emotional, cognitive, and social changes.

Cognitive Development

Deals with how people’s thoughts develop.

Sensorimotor Stage

Exploration age (0-2 years old) where curiosity begins.

Preoperational Stage

Mental representation of objects is essential (2-7 years old).

Concrete Operational Stage

Logical thinking stage (7-11 years old).

Formal Operational Stage

Abstract and detailed thinking stage (11-up).

Moral Development

Refers to distinguishing right from wrong as we grow and mature.

Lawrence Kohlberg

Proponent of Moral Development Theory.

Pre-Conventional Level

People at this stage do not understand the conventions/rules of society.

Conventional Level

People at this stage conform to the conventions/rules of society.

Post-Conventional Level

Understanding the moral principles underlying societal conventions.

HUMANIST PSYCHOLOGIST AND WELL-KNOWN FOR CLIENTCENTERED THERA

Carl Roger          

Proposer of Self-Concept

Carl Roger

It includes your physical appearance and your body image, social character, or abilities, and you’re thinking. 

Self Concept

Understanding of who you are as a person. ​

Self Concept

For positive self-worth, one must receive?

Unconditional Positive Regard

 Unconditional Positive Regard

Being accepted no matter what a person says or does and supported despite mistakes and shortcomings.​

Aspects of Self Concept

The Physical Self

The Social Self

The Competent Self

The Inner Self

The physical aspects.

The Physical Self

The Social Self

This is part of your social self; that is, how you, as a person, relate to others. 

The Competent Self

A person can provide for basic needs. It is your strength.

The Inner Self

Psychological self, is made up of the feelings and thoughts that a person has deep inside them.

The I

    The person deep inside, Anti-Social, Just about how you feel.

The Me 

Part of the person that is about being in society.​ Best way to act. Part of the person that is about understanding and obeying the rules of the society. ​

You are a whole person with unique physical, social, emotional, spiritual, and intellectual needs and

experiences. You must understand that you are still growing, changing, and developing as a whole person. ​

To be a Whole Person

Physiological Development

Puberty and Adolescence

Brain  

Adolescence important time for a child’s brain development. It may affect behavior and social skill

Bones, Organ, Body System ​

Your organs change in size and capacity as well. ​

Clumsiness and Coordination ​

Changes in center of gravity. The brain adjusts at times which might affect your sense of balance. ​

Physical Strength hand Sports Skills 

Muscles strength and size increase during this period. They have body image concerns (SelfConscious). ​

Physiological 

How a living organism or bodily part function

Conformity 

Compliance with standards, rules, or laws. DEVELOPING THE WHOLE PERSON 

Cognition

In developmental psychology, it refers to the thought process of a person.

Cognitive Development

It deals with how people’s thoughts develop.

Proponent of Cognitive Development Theory

Jean Piaget ​

She outlined specific stages of mental growth in children and adolescents. ​

Jean Piaget ​

Sensorimotor Stage (0 -2 years old)

“EXPLORATION AGE.” Curiosity Begins and they start realizing how things work and operate. ​

Preoperational Stage (2-7 years old) ​

The mental representation of objects is essential. Children at this age are too curious about things. It is the time in our life when we gain an understanding of the world around us. 

 Egocentrism

Think only from one’s point of view. 

2 Sub-Stages of the Pre-operational Stage: ​

Symbolic Function and Intuitive thought

Symbolic Function (2-4)

It refers to the use of mental representation. The child plays “make believe.” ​

Intuitive Thought (4-7)

Refers to the growth of curiosity and basic reasoning. 

A. Concrete Operational Stage (7-11)                   

The child began to think logically. ​

Conservation

An understanding that quantities don’t change when the appearance is altered. ​

Formal Operational Stage (11-Up) 

We begin to think in a more complex manner. Our thoughts become more abstract and more detailed. We start considering different ideas and points of view.           

Levels of Moral Development Theory

Pre-Conventional, Conventional, and Post-Conventional

Stages of Moral Development Theory

Obedience and Punishment ​

Individualism and Exchange ​

Good Boy-Nice Girl Orientation ​

Law and Order Orientation ​

Social Contract Orientation ​

Universal Ethical Principle

Orientation ​

Stage 2. Individualism and Exchange ​ ​

Children account for individual points of view and judge actions based on how they serve individual needs. ​

Stage 1. Obedience and Punishment ​

Obeying the rules is important because it is a means to avoid punishment. ​

Stage 1. Obedience and Punishment ​

The concern is for self. ​

Individualism and Exchange

Reciprocity

Stage 3. Good Boy-Nice Girl Orientation ​

Focus on living up to social expectations and roles. (conformity) ​

Stage 3. Good Boy-Nice Girl Orientation ​

✓ The concern “what will people think of me?”

Stage 4. Law and Order Orientation ​

People begin to consider society as a whole and then make judgments. ​

People begin to consider society as a whole and then make judgments. ​

Stage 4. Law and Order Orientation ​

FOCUS: maintaining law and order by following the rules, doing one’s duty, and respecting authority. 

Stage 4. Law and Order Orientation ​

The concern: NO ONE OR NO GROUP IS ABOVE THE LAW. ​

Stage 5. Social Contract Orientation ​

The rules of the law are important for maintaining a society, but members of the society should agree upon these standards. ​

The concern is a social utility or public interest.

Stage 5. Social Contract Orientation ​

Stage 6. Universal Ethical Principle Orientation ​

People follow these internalized principles of justice, even in conflict with laws and rules. ​

The concern is for moral principles- these principles are not concrete moral rules but are universal principles of justice, reciprocity, equality, and human dignity. ​

Stage 6. Universal Ethical Principle Orientation ​