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13 Terms

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Information Technology (IT)

Technology that includes tools, hardware, software, and networks.

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Information Systems (IS)

IT combined with people, processes, and structure.

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Data

Codified raw facts recorded digitally as letters and numbers.

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Information

Processed, structured, or given meaning data that is interpretable.

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Information Literacy

The ability to recognize information as an essential managerial skill.

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Business Process

A set of coordinated activities that lead to a specific goal or outcome.

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System

Interconnected components processing inputs into outputs to achieve a goal.

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Characteristics of a System

Goal-oriented and interrelated components working together.

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IS Processing Cycle

Includes input (data collection), processing (data transformation), storage (data retention), output (usable information), and control (ensuring accuracy).

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Elements of Information Systems (IS)

Includes data, hardware, software, communication media, procedures, and people.

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Open Systems

Interact with their environment, exchanging information and adapting to changes.

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Closed Systems

Operate in isolation with minimal external interaction.

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Feedback & Control

Ensuring proper IS operation, often using feedback loops.