Med Term Pt.3

opthalm/o

opthalm/o

eye

OU

each eye

O.D.

right eye, Doctor of Optometry

AD/AS/AU

AD (right ear), AS (left ear), AU (Each ear).

kerat/o

hard; horn shaped tissue; cornea

Ot/o

ear

epi-

on; over; upon

-paresis

weakness

para-

near; beside; alongside; beyond; abnormal

ANS

autonomic nervous system.

phas/o

speech

CSF

cerebrospinal fluid

QID

four times per day

audi/o

hearing

exo-

outward

dacry/o

tear

-esthesia

feeling; sensation

Phren/o

mind

-algesia

pain; sensitivity

-tropic

turning

HA

headache

ICP

intracranial pressure

cerumin/o

cerumen

blephar/o

eyelid

O.S

left eye

OD

Doctor of Optometry

PEERLA

pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation.

myring/o

tymphanic membrane; eardrum

lacrim/o

tears

hemi-

half

-otia

ear condition

con-

together; with

cephal/o

head

psych/o

mind

RN

registered nurse

BID

twice per day

opthalm/o

eye

eso-

inward

-lepsy

seizure

encephal/o

brain

phas/o

speech

-cele

hernia; swelling; protrusion

CBT

cognitive-behavioral therapy

LP

lumbar puncture

H&P

history and physical

CVA

cerebrovascular accident

CNS

central nervous system

PNS

peripheral nervous system

-ptosis

droop; sag; prolapse; protrude

ocul/o

eye

olfact/o

smell

poli/o

gray matter

schiz/o

split

ADHD

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

contus/o

to bruise

somat/o

body

TID

three times per day

gtt

drops

-cusis

hearing

-opia

vision condition

hypn/o

sleep

-plegia

paralysis

Syncop/o

to cut off; cut short; faint

-rrhaphy

suture

EDH

epidural hematoma

R/O

rule out

PET

position emission tomography

Alzheimer’s (AD)

expensive to treat, need round the clock care, projected to bankrupt medicare, medication to slow progress so they would need less care.

-idiopathic, may be same causes as CAD

-neurons in brain atrophy, brain gets smaller, (neurodegeneration) starts slow-symptoms appear in 60s (dementia).

-period of lucidity where they remember, just manage outcomes of disease, no treatment.

ALS- amytrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s Disease)

”ice bucket challenge”

degenerative motor neuron disease; idiopathic; peripheral nervous system---Steven Hawking. no treatment, rare condition & Pharma doesn’t do much research.

-only affects motor, no affect on cognitive ability.

TIA/CVA-

transient ischemic Attack- this to CVA, angina to MI, warning signs of a stroke. CVA- bursting of aneurysm kills distal neurons can lead to hemiplegia-- hemorrhagic stroke- aneurysm rupture and bleed, ischemic stroke-- blood clot blocks the vessel. slurred speech, no pain. Cerebral Angiography- to look for blockages/bleed.

MS- multiple sclerosis

autoimmune disease where myelin is being broken down by your own immune system.

-hard to transport electrical msgs across the axon, can result in paralysis, painful; autoimmune conditions can change intensity (remission), not fatal-- pain meds.

Guillain Barre-

autoimmune post bacterial or viral infection-- attacks neurons, loss of muscle mass & coordination.

CP (cerebral palsy)

irreversible brain damage, permanent mental incapacity, could happen bc of umbilical chord in the womb or baby exposed to toxic environment. can deter cognitive and skeletal muscles.

Parkinson’s

CNS problem w/ neurotransmitter dopamine.

-uncontrollable movement (tremors)

-idiopathic

-neurostimulator transplant to help stimulate the brain and stop the effects of dopamine.

Seizures

brain screaming out in pain or discomfort. epilepsy- (neurological condition of multiple seizures) random firing of neurons. cause could be increase in temp, toxins (drugs,alcohol), diabetes. (could be idiopathic).

Diabetic Retinopathy

capillary damage resulting in loss of vision bc of untreated diabetes.

-sugar in blood corrodes the capillaries and they explode in the retina (changes light to electrical signals for brain to interpret)

Glaucoma

pressure increase in the eye (liquid filling)

-idiopathic and maybe family predisposition, pressure causes pressure on the retina and can lead to vision loss.

-optometrist screens for glaucoma(blow test) and is covered under insurance bc preventive.

Macular Degeneration

age related atrophy of the macula; no cure

-macula- where the vision is concentrated (rods and cones), vision loss as macula atrophys.

Retinal Detachement

spontaneous, idiopathic. retina detaches from eye, loss of blood supply, could lead to blindness, you can see and then you immediately can’t.

Myopia/nearsightedness

light refraction problem. the light doesn’t focus on the retina. see near not far.

Meniere’s/vertigo

dizziness, idiopathic unless Meniere’s. Menier’s abnormal fluid in semicircular canals, swelling, pressure. palliative care until it goes away. vertigo- spinning 24/7.

Tinnitus

ringing in the ears, constant, idiopathic and no cure.

Conductive vs. Neural deafness

most deafness in conductive. conductive is old ppl + damage to the ears. bones went through damage and don’t vibrate that much anymore. neural is born deaf or accident to harm neurons. CON(hearing aide)NEU(cochlear implant)-implanted from cranium to cochlear.

TBI/CTE

traumatic brain injury/ chronic traumatic encephalopathy--CTE- trauma from concussions; football players. TBI- one time injury.

DI

diabetes insipidus

GH

growth hormone

Tx

treatment

IDDM

insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Aden/o

gland

Glyc/o, gluc/o

sugar; glucose

Gonad/o

sex glands

Natr/o

sodium

DM

diabetes mellitus

CDE

certified diabetes educator

NIDDM

non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

FBS

fasting blood sugar

crin/o

secrete

myx/o

mucus

immun/o

immune; protection

tox/o, toxic/o

poison