Theraputic modalities and rehabilitation

ms stegers

Contraindications

A specific condition or symptom that makes it inadvisable to use a particular medical treatment

Cryotherapy

Rehabilitative treatments involving the use of cold to decrease circulation in order to decrease pain, muscle spasms, inflammation, and edema

Diathermy

 The therapeutic use of a high-frequency electrical current to increase circulation and flexibility as well as to decrease pain and muscle spasms in a given area of the body

 Electrical Modalities

 Rehabilitative treatments that use electrical current to achieve therapeutic effects

 Electrical Muscle Stimulation

 Also known as neuromuscular stimulation the use of electrical stimulation to re-educate injured muscles, strengthen healthy muscles, and slow the effects of atrophy in a given area

Fluidotherapy

 A "dry" whirlpool, in which cellulose particles are dispersed in a whirlwind of heated air to decrease pain and muscle spasms as well as to increase flexibility and circulation in the treated area

Galvanic Stimulation

The use of a direct electrical current to regulate circulation as well as to decrease pain, edema, and muscle spasms in a given area of the body

Hydrocollator Pack

 A moist heat pack used to increase circulation and flexibility as well as to decrease pain and muscle spasms in the treated area

 Ice Massage

 Direct application of ice to the body to obtain a therapeutic numbing effect; used to decrease circulation, inflammation, muscle spasms, and pain a local area

 RICE: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

 The best treatment for inflammation

ice pack

 Ice, placed in a plastic bag, applied to an injury to decrease circulation, pain, edema, muscle spams, and inflammation

Ice Water Immersion

The cooling of tissues through submersion in ice cold water; used to decrease circulation, inflammation, muscle spasms, edema, and pain in the treated area

Indications

 Signs that point to which therapy should be followed

 Interferential Stimulation

The use of interfering electrical currents to increase circulation and flexibility as well as to decrease pain and muscle spasms in a given area of the body

 Intermittent Compression

 The periodic application of compression to a part of the body to reduce edema in that area

Iontophoresis

The administration of ionized medications to the tissues through the use of an electrical current

Massage

The systematic manipulation, methodical pressure, friction, kneading of the soft tissues of the body

Mechanical Modalities

 Rehabilitative treatment that uses external force to increase or decrease circulation and reduce pain

 Muscle Spasm/Pain Cycle

A debilitating syndrome in which pain caused by injury produces muscles spasms that increase pain and spasms in a cyclical manner

Paraffin Bath

The immersion of a body part in melted paraffin to increase circulation and flexibility as well as to decrease pain and muscle spasms

Thermotherapy

Treatments involving the use of heat to increase circulation in order to improve flexibility and decrease pain and muscle spasms

Traction

The distraction, or pulling, of a body part or segment for rehabilitative purposes

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

 The use of electrical current to block the sensation of pain to a given area of the body

Ultrasound Therapy

The application of sound waves to a body area to increase circulation and flexibility as well as to decrease pain and muscle spasms in that area

 Vapocoolant Spray

 An aerosol coolant used to quickly lower the temperature of superficial body tissues and decrease pain

Whirlpool Bath

A therapeutic bath of heated or cooled water in which all or part of the body is exposed to forceful, massaging currents in the water

Physiological Effect

The effects that modalities, drugs, or exercises have on the body

Gate Control Theory of Pain Management

Areas in the spinal cord that control whether pain signals are allowed to reach the brain or not; used to understand how the body can sometimes "block" pain

Activities of Daily Living

 Everyday actions, such as self-care, communication, and mobility skills, required for independent living

Ambulation

The ability to movement about from place to place

Asymmetry

 Lacking correspondence in shape, proportion, and relative position between opposing body parts

 Body Mechanics

 The efficient and safe use of the body during activity

Crutches

Devices used to assist injured or weak patients with walking

Exercise Modalities

 Rehabilitative treatment involving the use of physical activity to increase strength and flexibility

Goniometer

An instrument used to measure the movements and angles created by joints

Motivation

The reason for performing an action; the stimulus for behavior

Patient History

 A form that describes the patient's medical history and chief medical complaint

Perpendicular: Forming right angles to a given plane

Posture

The position or alignment of the body

 Progress Notes

Notes on the patient's chart that document patient progress in rehabilitation and that may follow the SOAP format

Rehabilitation

The process of restoring function through programmed exercises, to enable a return to competition

SOAP Notes

An organized method of documenting a patient's status on his/her chart that includes subjective findings, objective findings, assessments, and plans for each problem experienced by the patient

Atrophy

Weakness and wasting away of muscle tissue; decreasing the size of a muscle

Hypertrophy

 Growth in muscle tissue

Phase 1 of Rehab

The stage of rehab with the primary goals of controlling swelling and pain and increase range of motion

Phase 2 of Rehab

The stage of rehab with the primary goals of restoring full range of motion, strength, endurance, speed, and power in all muscle groups; you will also begin skill patterns and proprioception during this phase

 Phase 3 of Rehab

The stage of rehab where you will restore full balance and proprioception; you will work on functional and sport specific skills to return the athlete to sport

 Clearance

The decision whether an athlete should be cleared for sport participation

 Open Chain Movement

 Exercises performed where the hand or foot is free to move; these movements tend to isolate a specific body part

 Closed Chain Movement

 Movement at one segment produces movement at all other joints; the distal segment of the body part being "exercised" is stationary