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The process of removing an antibody from the red cell membrane is called—
a. absorption
b. adsorption
c. elution
d. sensitization
c. elution
What antigens are destroyed by enzymes?
a. Duffy, Rh, MNSs
b. Lewis, ABO, I
c. Kidd, Kell, Lutheran
d. MNSs, Duffy
d. MNSs, Duffy
Rouleaux may be dispersed when encountered in compatibility testing by—
a. Replacing plasma volume with saline
b. warming the plasma cell mixture to 37oC
c. Performing the crossmatch at 10oC
d. Increasing the enhancement media
a. Replacing plasma volume with saline
Rouleaux can often be seen in the plasma of patients with—
a. hemolytic anemia
b. multiple myeloma
c. low fibrinogen
d. malignancy
b. multiple myeloma
The I antigen is found on all of the following EXCEPT—
a. group O persons
b. cord cells
c. adult red cells
d. on cells of patients with infectious mono
b. cord cells
A patient has a life threatening anemia due to warm autoantibodies. The patient’s plasma was reactive 2+ in the AHG phase of testing with all cells on a routine panel. The most optimal technique that would be beneficial in preparing the patient’s plasma for compatibility testing is—
a. autoadsorption with the patient’s WARM treated red cells
b. autoadsorption using the patient’s LISS treated red cells
c. homologous adsorption using enzyme treated red cells from a normal donor
d. adsorption using methyldopa treated red cells
c. homologous adsorption using enzyme treated red cells from a normal donor
If a patient has a cold antibody, what consideration is mandatory?
a. the attending physician and blood bank director should decide to administer the blood
b. a prewarm crossmatch technique should be used
c. the antibody specificity should be determined
d. the patient’s plasma should be absorbed with group O cells
b. a prewarm crossmatch technique should be used
To confirm the specificity of a plasma antibody identified as anti-P1, a neutralization study was performed and the following results were obtained:
Plasma + P1 substance negative
Plasma + saline negative
What conclusion can be made from this result?
a. Anti-P1 is confirmed
b. Anti-P1 is ruled out
c. A second antibody is suspected due to the negative control
d. Anti-P1 cannot be confirmed due to the negative control
d. Anti-P1 cannot be confirmed due to the negative control
The following results were obtained on a cord blood:
ABO/Rh - A positive
DAT poly - 2+
DAT IgG - 3+
DAT C3d - 0
Mom is O positive with an anti-E and anti Leb. Based on this data, which of the following would be best to perform?
a. an acid elution
b. a Lui-freeze elution
c. an acid elution; include A cells when testing the eluate
d. a heat elution; include screen cells when testing the eluate
c. an acid elution; include A cells when testing the eluate
The results of a titration study are as follows:
1:1 [4+] 1:2 [3+] 1:4 [2+] 1:8 [2+] 1:16 [1+] 1:32 [w+] 1:64 [0] 1:128 [0], the titer is reported as—
a. 16
b. 1:32
c. 8
d. 1:16
a. 16
Cold autoantibodies may interfere with which of the following routine tests?
a. ABO grouping
b. direct antiglobulin testing
c. antibody detection and identification
d. compatibility testing
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
Which of the following would be most useful to improve the uptake of the autoantibody onto the patient’s antibody coated cells?
a. bromelin
b. ZZAP
c. LISS
d. phthalate esters
b. ZZAP
The lectin Ulex europaeus reacts strongest with which of the following red blood cells?
a. B cells
b. A2 cells
c. A2B cells
d. A1 cells
b. A2 cells
Autoadsorption procedures to remove wither warm or cold autoantibodies should not be used with a recently transfused patient. Recently means—
a. 3 days
b. 3 weeks
c. 6 weeks
d. 3 months
d. 3 months
Titrations are performed—
a. on patients with HTLAs
b. on antenatal patients with clinically significant alloantibodies
c. on antenatal patients with a cold agglutinin
d. a and b only
d. a and b only
A patient’s plasma contains a mixture of antibodies. One of the antibodies is identified as anti-D. Anti-Jka or anti-Fya and possibly another antibody are present. What techniques may be helpful to identify the other antibodies?
a. enzyme panel, select panel cell
b. thiol reagents
c. lowering the pH and increasing the incubation time
d. using albumin as an enhancement medium in combination with selective adsorption
a. enzyme panel, select panel cell
A cold reacting antibody is found in the plasma of a recently transfused patient and is suspected to be anti-I. The antibody identification panel shows reactions with all cells at room temperature, including the auto control. The reaction strength varies from 2+ to 4+. What procedure would help to distinguish this antibody from other cold reacting antibodies?
a. reaction with cord cells
b. neutralization using saliva
c. autocontrol using ZZAP reagent treated cells
d. autoadsorption technique
a. reaction with cord cells
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia is characterized most frequently by which of the following serologic patterns?
a. DAT + (C3 only) and a reactive eluate
b. DAT + (IgG only) and a non-reactive eluate
c. DAT + (IgG and C3) and a reactive eluate
d. DAT + (IgG and C3) and a non-reactive eluate
c. DAT + (IgG and C3) and a reactive eluate
True or false? Acid eluates can be used in cases of suspected Rh-HDFN, but not suspected ABO-HDFN.
False
True or false? When antigen testing, positive controls should be homozygous expression for the antigen being tested.
False
True or false? No reactivity by the prewarm technique indicates the absence of clinically significant alloantibodies reactive at AHG.
True
True or false? In a situation of HDFN or HTR, the alloantibody coating the patient’s cells will cause a reactive eluate
True
True or false? In grading reactions to determine the titer, the last tube to be considered positive is the tube with a w+ reaction
False
True or false? The treatment of choice for a patient with WAIHA is a blood transfusion
False
True or false? The prewarm technique requires a 30 minute incubation period.
False