Disaccharides

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10 Terms

1
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How do glucoside/glycosidic bonds form?

When monosaccharides link together, forming an glycosidic linkage

2
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How do monosaccharides link together and form glycosidic bonds?

When hydroxy group on one sugar reacts with anomeric carbon on second sugar

3
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How can an acetal form?

When a monosaccharide hemiacetal reacts with a alcohol

<p>When a<span style="color: blue"> <strong>monosaccharide hemiacetal</strong></span><strong> </strong>reacts with a <span style="color: blue"><strong>alcohol</strong></span><strong> </strong></p>
4
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How are glycosides named?

  1. State the alkyl or aryl group attached to oxygen

  2. Name the carbohydrate

  3. Ending of -e is replaced by -ide

EX: B-D-glucopyranoside

5
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What can readily hydrolyse glycosidic bonds?

Acids

6
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But glycosidic bonds can resist cleavage by?

Base

7
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What are the 3 disaccharides abundant in nature?

  • Sucrose

  • Lactose

  • Maltose

8
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Maltose

  • Degradation product of

  • Monosaccharide units

  • Bond

  • Found in

Degradation product of: Starch

Monosaccharide units: Glucose + glucose

Bond: a-(1,4)-glycosidic bond

Found in:

  • Malt

  • Juice of sprouted barley

  • Cereal grains

9
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Lactose

  • Principle sugar in

  • Monosaccharide units

  • Bond

Principal sugar in: Milk

Monosaccharide units: Glucose + galactose

Bond: B-(1,4)-glycosidic bond

10
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Sucrose

  • Prevalent in

  • Monosaccharide units

  • Bond

Prevalent in: Sugar cane and sugar beets

Monosaccharide units: Glucose + fructose

Bond: a-(1,2)B-glycosidic bond