Mendel's Laws

What are 3 features of the 7 phenotypes Mendel was working with?

Simple traits controlled by a single gene. Straightforward dominance relationships. On diff chromosomes.

Define pure breeding lines

All offspring from matings within those lines have the same character. E.g following self-pollination, all offspring from a pure-breeding plant giving green peas will also give green peas.

Describe Mendel’s 3 laws

1. Law of equal segregation: during gamete formation, members of a gene pair separate equally. Each gamete carries 1 allele for each gene. End up with same allele ratio started with.

2. Law of independent assortment: during gamete formation, chromosome pairs segregate independently of each other.

3. Law of dominance: alleles can be dominant or recessive. An organism with at least one dominant allele will display the effect of this allele.

What does independent assortment generate?

Recombinants (combinations of alleles that are not found in the parents).

State an example of a trait that is not controlled by one gene

Height.