Decline of Faith in the Catholic Church and the Hundred Years' War

These flashcards cover key themes related to the decline of the Catholic Church's authority, the Hundred Years' War, and prominent figures and events in the context of medieval history.

What was causing people to lose faith in the Catholic Church according to the lecture?

People were losing faith due to perceptions of corruption and focus on temporal issues rather than spiritual guidance.

What was the Black Death perceived as by people during the Catholic Church's authority decline?

The Black Death was seen as a punishment from God for sinning.

What effect did the death of clergy during the Black Death have on people's faith in the Church?

It undermined the authority of the Catholic Church, leading people to doubt the efficacy of sacramental rituals performed by possibly sinful priests.

Why was the period of the Pope's residence in Avignon criticized?

It caused doubts about the Pope's responsibilities and led to criticism that he was living a lavish life away from his duties in Rome.

What was the Great Schism?

A period where there were multiple claimants to the papacy, leading to a divided Church and diminished authority.

Who were John Wycliffe and Jan Hus, and what did they believe?

They were critics of the Catholic Church who believed individuals could have a relationship with God without the Church's mediation.

What was mysticism in the context of the Catholic Church?

Mysticism involved personal communication with the divine, allowing individuals to seek guidance from saints without Church intermediaries.

Who was Joan of Arc and what role did she play during the Hundred Years' War?

Joan of Arc was a peasant girl who claimed to hear divine voices and led the French army against the English.

What event led to Joan of Arc's death?

She was captured and tried as a heretic by a church court, resulting in her execution by burning.

What sparked the Hundred Years' War?

The conflict between English and French claims to the throne due to political complexities surrounding royal lineage.

What impact did the use of longbows have on the English military during the Hundred Years' War?

Longbows allowed English archers to shoot more arrows quickly and accurately, giving them a significant advantage.

How did cannons contribute to the outcome of the Hundred Years' War?

Cannons provided a new, effective method for sieges, allowing the French to reclaim territory from the English.

What was significant about the fall of Constantinople in 1453?

It marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and the rise of the Ottoman Empire, impacting Europe significantly.

Who was Vlad Tepes and why is he historically significant?

Vlad Tepes, known as Dracula, was a ruler who fought against the Ottoman Turks and is remembered for his brutal methods.

What was the societal impact of the Ottoman Turks capturing Constantinople?

It left Western Europe vulnerable to Islamic expansion and forced fragmented kingdoms to defend themselves without the Byzantine protective buffer.