Body Systems 2.6

🦠 Digestive System

Structure:
Organs include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.

Functions:

• Breaks down food into nutrients (mechanical and chemical digestion).

• Eliminates solid waste.

Homeostasis:

Giving nutrients and energy.

💀 Skeletal System

Structure:
Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints.

Functions:

• Supports and gives shape to the body.

• Protects vital organs (e.g., skull protects the brain, ribs protect the heart and lungs).

Homeostasis:

Giving your bones proper structure.

❤ Circulatory (Cardiovascular) System

Structure:
Heart, blood, and blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries).

Functions:

• Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste.

• Regulates body temperature.

Homeostasis:

Maintains blood flow, gas exchange, and nutrients.

💪 Muscular System

Structure:
Skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscle.

Functions:

• Enables movement of the body and internal organs.

• Maintains posture.

Homeostasis:

Movement and heat.

🧬 Endocrine System

Structure:
Glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas, and gonads (ovaries/testes).

Functions:

• Produces and releases hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response.

Homeostasis:

Chemical messengers.

🧠 Nervous System

Structure:
Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Functions:

• Receives and interprets sensory information.

• Controls voluntary and involuntary responses.

Homeostasis:

Sending messages and controls everything.

🌬 Respiratory System

Structure:
Nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm.

Functions:

• Exchanges gases: brings oxygen in and removes carbon dioxide.

Homeostasis:

Regulate blood gas level.

🧴Integumentary System

Structure:
Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands.

Functions:

• Protects the body from injury, infection, and dehydration.

• Regulates temperature through sweating and blood flow.

• Provides sensory information (touch, pain, temperature).

Homeostasis:

Protects outside of skin and regulates body temperature.

Lymphatic (Immune)

Structure: 

Bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, and tonsils.

Functions:

• Keeps body fluid levels balanced and fights against infections.

Homeostasis:

Regulate fluid balance and return excess fluid to prevent swelling.