Legal Rules and Concepts: Objective vs Subjective Law, Private vs Public Law

Vocabulary flashcards defining fundamental legal concepts, branches of law, and key terminology from the lecture.

Objective Law (Diritto oggettivo)

The set of legal rules that coincides with the overall legal system.

Subjective Right (Diritto soggettivo)

An interest of a subject that is protected by objective law.

Private Law (Diritto privato)

The set of rules regarding relationships where the parties are in a position of parity and free to accept or refuse an act that has legal consequences.

Public Law (Diritto pubblico)

The legal rules that discipline relationships between the State or another public entity and private subjects, or between public entities themselves, when exercising a power of supremacy.

Party (Parte)

Each of the subjects involved in a given legal relationship that is relevant to the law, such as a contract.

Third Parties (Terzi)

Subjects who are distinct from the parties and not involved in a specific legal relationship.

Tax (Imposta)

A portion of wealth that a subject must pay to the State so that it can provide general services such as justice, defense of the territory, healthcare, or education.

IVA (Imposta sul Valore Aggiunto)

Value Added Tax; a tax included in the price paid for goods that a seller is legally obligated to transfer to the State.

Public Entities (Enti pubblici)

Organizations aimed at pursuing public interests of a general or territorial character, such as the State, the Region, and the Municipality.