Cam 20 Test 1 ( Passage 3: How stress affects our judgement )

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Last updated 2:53 PM on 7/29/26
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49 Terms

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weigh up (phr v)
cân nhắc, đánh giá kỹ thông tin hoặc các lựa chọn | We need to weigh up all the information before making a decision.
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under stressful conditions (phr)
trong điều kiện căng thẳng, áp lực | People may think differently under stressful conditions.
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circumstance (n)
hoàn cảnh, tình huống | Our decisions can change depending on the circumstances.
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process (v)
xử lý thông tin | The brain needs time to process new information.
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neuroscientist (n)
nhà khoa học thần kinh | A neuroscientist studies how the brain works.
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investigate (v)
nghiên cứu, điều tra, tìm hiểu kỹ | Researchers investigated how stress affects decision-making.
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operate (v)
vận hành, hoạt động | Scientists want to understand how the human mind operates.
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vary (v)
thay đổi, khác nhau | People’s reactions to stress vary considerably.
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hectic (adj)
căng thẳng, bận rộn và hỗn loạn | Firefighters often work in hectic environments.
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life-threatening (adj)
đe dọa tính mạng | Emergency workers may face life-threatening situations.
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incident (n)
sự cố, vụ việc | The police responded quickly to the incident.
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attend to (phr v)
xử lý, chăm sóc hoặc đến giải quyết một sự việc | Emergency workers attended to the injured passengers.
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rescue (v)
cứu, giải cứu | Firefighters rescued several people from the building.
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trapped (adj)
bị mắc kẹt | The rescue team helped a trapped driver.
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assist (v)
hỗ trợ, giúp đỡ | Medical staff assisted the injured victims.
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medical emergency (n phr)
tình huống cấp cứu y tế | You should call an ambulance during a serious medical emergency.
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ups and downs (n phr)
những thăng trầm, lúc tốt lúc xấu | Everyone experiences emotional ups and downs.
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under pressure (phr)
ở trong tình trạng chịu áp lực | Some people make quicker decisions when they are under pressure.
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perceived threat (n phr)
mối đe dọa được cảm nhận, dù có thể chưa thực sự xảy ra | A perceived threat can cause an immediate stress response.
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act as a trigger (v phr)
đóng vai trò là tác nhân kích hoạt | Bad news can act as a trigger for stress.
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stress reaction (n phr)
phản ứng căng thẳng của cơ thể | A rapid heartbeat is a common stress reaction.
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convey (v)
truyền đạt, truyền tải thông tin hoặc cảm xúc | The doctor had to convey the bad news carefully.
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arrive at a result (v phr)
đi đến kết quả hoặc kết luận | The researchers arrived at the same result after several experiments.
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estimate (v)
ước tính | Participants were asked to estimate the risk of an accident.
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likelihood (n)
khả năng một việc sẽ xảy ra | Stress can change how people judge the likelihood of danger.
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adverse event (n phr)
biến cố bất lợi, sự việc xấu | The study examined people’s reactions to adverse events.
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victim (n)
nạn nhân | The victim reported the crime to the police.
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card fraud (n phr)
gian lận thẻ ngân hàng | The bank warned customers about the risk of card fraud.
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optimistic (adj)
lạc quan | Most participants were optimistic about their future.
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ignore (v)
phớt lờ, bỏ qua | People sometimes ignore negative information.
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embrace (v)
đón nhận, chấp nhận một cách tích cực | Participants were more willing to embrace good news.
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pattern emerge (v phr)
một khuôn mẫu hoặc xu hướng xuất hiện | A clear pattern emerged from the results.
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hyper-vigilant (adj)
cảnh giác quá mức, đặc biệt nhạy cảm với nguy hiểm | Stress can make people hyper-vigilant to possible threats.
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alter (v)
thay đổi, điều chỉnh | New information may alter a person’s beliefs.
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in response (phr)
để phản ứng lại, nhằm đáp lại một tình huống | The brain changes its behaviour in response to stress.
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in contrast (phr)
trái lại, ngược lại | Calm participants ignored bad news; in contrast, stressed participants paid close attention to it.
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unrelated (adj)
không liên quan | The second experiment involved an unrelated task.
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alarming (adj)
đáng báo động, gây lo lắng | The researchers presented participants with alarming information.
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spike (n)
sự tăng vọt đột ngột | The body may experience a spike in stress hormones.
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physiological change (n phr)
sự thay đổi sinh lý trong cơ thể | Stress causes several physiological changes in the body.
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take in (phr v)
tiếp nhận, hiểu hoặc hấp thụ thông tin | Stressed people may take in warnings more quickly.
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brain imaging (n phr)
kỹ thuật chụp hoặc ghi hình não | Brain imaging allowed scientists to observe neural activity.
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neural signal (n phr)
tín hiệu thần kinh | A stronger neural signal appeared when participants received bad news.
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warning sign (n phr)
dấu hiệu cảnh báo | People under stress may pay more attention to warning signs.
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clinical depression (n phr)
trầm cảm lâm sàng | Similar patterns may also appear in people with clinical depression.
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