GLOBAL POLITICS EXAMPLES - REGIONALISM

How much of British laws are derived from the EU?

14-17%

What environmental legislation did the EU sign as a regional bloc?

the Paris Agreement

What kind of institution is the EU?

Supranational

What did the Cassis de Dijon case about liquor sale in Germany result in?

ECJ ruled in unlawful as it was considered a protectionist move and the EU single market requires free movement of goods

What makes the EU a federal state?

power is very central and has been recognised through subsidiarity of treaties such as Maastricht

When did the EU win the Nobel Peace Prize?

2012 - for the advancement of peace, reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe

How many citizens does the EU encompass and how much of the worlds GDP?

508 million - largest single market in the world - 23% OF GDP

What did Japan and the EU establish in 2017?

the worlds largest free-trade zone

How much does Britain owe the EU after the divorce bill?

36 billion euros

What indicated the EU is not an economic power house?

-IMF bailout 2008

-Eurozone crisis

-inneffectivity of saps and Greek crisis

What declaration in 2022 showed EUs shift to becoming a military regional bloc?

the Versailles Declaration

How many states are in the Eurozone?

19

What are EU trade regulations referred to as?

The Gold Standard

What did Trump say about the EU and what did this mean for relations with NATO?

'merely trying to rob america's back pockets' - made the reliance on NATO unstable

Why do issues around NATOs boarders pose a problem to the EU?

Do not share the same boarders making it a grey area whether the EU gets involved in outside issues

What type of voting does the Council of the European Union use?

QMV - 55% of states must agree and this must encompass 65% of the EU population - not always fair as 20 of the smallest members have a smaller population than Germany, Italy, France and UK combined

How much Humanitarian aid has the EU provided Mali with since 2012?

493 million euros

What tax doesn't the EU harmonise and what different rates has this produced?

Corporation tax - 33% in Belgium and France to 10% in Bulgaria meaning that companies do look for the best deal

How much does Apple have in cash reserves?

200 billion - slightly less than the entire GDP of the Republic of Ireland

How much revenue did Samsung Generate in 2016?

$196 billion - more than the GDP of Morocco

Why do TNCs locate in foreign countries?

- Tax incentives

- Cheaper wages of workforce

- Laxer environmental laws

- Better access to a wider market

How do regional blocs take power away from TNCs?

-EU & USMCA ensure that states do not undercut each other by giving TNCs no benefits thus fighting back against globalisation

What benefits do small states have in regionalism... with the examaple of Malta?

-can have a greater influence in negotiations

-Malta only has 430,000 people but can represent a consumer market of 508 million when in the EU

What issues did the EU and US face in negotiations for Transatlantic trade and investment partnership?

-US allows hormones in their meats

-French seeking protection for its french-language film industry from hollywood

-EU didnt want US to be able to produce Champagne or Para ham

When was the African Union effective from?

2002 - replacing OAU

When was ASEAN founded?

1967

When was the Arab League founded?

1945

Which countries in the Arab League recognise the state of Israel?

-UAE (linked by america)

-Bahrain

-Morocco

What type of authority is the Arab League?

Intranational - Each member has a veto power

What event proved divides in the Arab League?

1991-2003 Gulf wars

Who was suspended from the Arab League in 2011?

Libya in response to Colonel Gaddafi - Endorsed UN airstrikes

What did the Arab League establish in 2015 to counter extremism?

Joint Arab Force

What was the Arab Leagues response to the Houthi rebels in Yemen?

Endorsed Saudi Arabia's intervention

Why did ASEAN put pressure on Myanmar?

encouraged them to introduce democratic reforms

What is the purpose of NEPAD (AU)?

African Unions New Partnership for Africa's Development - provides a unified barganing tool for African states when negotiating western aid and investment

What are the aims of the AU by 2023?

-human rights court

-African Economic community with a single currency

-Central Bank

What is the aim of USMCA?

free trade area by eliminating tariffs (protectionism) - increase economic prosperity in mexico to prevent migration

What was NAFTA trade greater than in 2011?

American trade with NAFTA was higher than its trade with Japan, South Korea, India, China combined

How much did American and Mexican trade increase by between 1993-2012?

506%

What treaty of the EU allows member states to leave?

Article 50 of the Lisbon treaty

Who is the leader of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe group?

Guy Verhodfstadt - encourages a stronger unity between Europe - a federalist state

What peacekeeping mission was deployed in 2008 between the African Union and the UN?

both have deployments in Darfur

What organisation monitors the Minsk Accords 2015 to reduce fighting in Eastern Ukraine?

Organisation for security and co-operation in Europe (OSCE)

What agreement between EU and Africa encourages a greater record on human rights and democracy in order for increased aid and trade?

Cotonou Agreement - African Caribbean and Pacific countries (ACP)

What protocol did the EU adopt proving it a global leader in combatting climate change?

Kyoto protocol with ambitious targets of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2030

What are the supranational organisations in the EU?

-The Commission

-The Parliament

-European Court of Justice

-European Central Bank

What are the intergovernmental orginisations in the EU?

-Council of ministers (una mezcla)

-European council

When was the ECHR effective?

1953

What act ensured advanced economic unity in the EU (common market)?

Single European Act 1986`

What did the EU negotiate with Turkey in 2016 to combat the migration crisis?

Turkey agreed to tighten up the flow of Syrian refugees into the Europe in return for access to the schengen zone

How many European states spent more than 2% of their of their budgets on defence?

only 5 in 2017

When was the rapid reaction force of the EU founded and where has it been deployed?

since 2002 - Macedonia and Bosnia and further afield in Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of Congo

What three events highlighted the grey area between NATO and the EUs boarders?

-Libyan revolution 2011

-Russian Annexation of Crimea 2014What

-Syrian civil war 2011

What couldnt the arab league form a united opinion over highlighting their failures in security regionalism?

The 1991-2003 Gulf wars

What did the EU CFSP confirm that undermined the EU as a regional security bloc?

that NATO was europes main organisation for protection

How many civilian/military missions have the EU carried out from 2003?

30

What EU operation established a naval base to tackle the people-smuggling industry?

Operation Sophia