NSTP: Disaster Risk Management, Awareness, Preparedness, and Response

Jela's PPT

Disaster

an extreme disruption of the functioning of a society that causes widespread human, material, or environmental losses that exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using only its own resources

Disasters

whether natural or human-made, affect everyone, especially the poor, children, women and the elderly who have the least capability to deal with disasters

Risk

the probability that a disaster will occur

Hazard

the specific nature of a threat

Vulnerability

the inability to withstand, protect oneself or recover rapidly from a potentially damaging event.

Prevention

measures designed to avert a potential hazard

Preparedness

the probability that a disaster will occur

Mitigation

measures that reduce the harmful effects of a disaster

Response

action taken in the aftermath of a disaster to assist victims and to rehabilitate society

Natural Disaster

Catastrophic events caused by natural processes of the Earth. They often result from environmental factors and can have devastating impacts on communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems

Human made Disasters

disasters that arise from human actions or negligence. They can result from industrial activities, technological failures, or intentional harm.

Anthropogenic Disaster

Human made disaster is also known as __

Accidents

Unexpected events that result in damage or injury but typically have limited impact

Emergency

A situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or the environment, requiring urgent intervention

Catastrophe

An event of extreme scale, often causing massive destruction and overwhelming the ability of affected communities to respond effectively

1994-2003

2.5

60

478,000

From ___ to __, some _ billion people were affected by natural disasters alone worldwide, which is an increase of _% over the past decade. More than _ people were killed during this period

Poverty and malnutrition

Resource depletion

Human made disasters

Natural forces

Contributing factors that make disasters happen (4)

Poverty and Malnutrition

Which contributing factor?

Malnutrition, poor health, inadequate basic services, unemployment and low wages

Resource depletion

Which contributing factor?

forest denudation, soil erosion, genetic erosion, marine pollution, agrochemicals, air and water pollution

Human made disasters

Which contributing factor?

flood and civil war

Natural forces

Which contributing factor?

typhoon, drought, torrential rains with flooding, earthquakes, and volcanic terrain

Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Act of 2010

an act strengthening the philippine disaster risk reduction and management system, providing for the national disaster risk reduction and management framework and institutionalizing the national disaster risk reduction and management plan, approaching funds therefor and for the other purposes

Save the Children

Over the past 4 years, ___ has implemented approximately 10 programs with over 3 million USD in funding for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) activities

40,000

75,000

Collectively, these programs have directly reached __ children and indirectly reached _ children.

Building their resilience

Strengthening their coping mechanisms to natural hazards

Engaging in multi-sectoral partnerships

Save the Children’s DRR programs aim to reduce the vulnerabilities of children and communities by:

National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC)

responsible for coordinating disaster preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation efforts at the national level

Office of Civil Defense (OCD)

part of the NDRRMC and is involved in disaster preparedness and response, including training and capacity building

Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG)

oversees local government units (LGUs)

National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA)

assesses the socioeconomic impacts of disasters and is involved in long-term planning for resilience and preparedness.

Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)

conducts fire safety assessments and prepares communities for fire-related emergencies.

Department of Education (DepEd)

implements disaster preparedness programs in schools, training students and educators on emergency response

Relief Operations

Coordinated effort to provide immediate assistance and support to communities impacted by disasters or crises. This includes delivering essential resources like food, water, shelter, and medical care to alleviate suffering and restore basic living conditions

Assessment

Evaluate the needs of affected populations through surveys and reports.

Coordination

Collaborate with various stakeholders, including governments, NGOs, and local communities.

Resource Distribution

Provide food, water, shelter, medical aid, and other essential supplies.

Medical Assistance

Set up field hospitals or clinics to treat injuries and provide health services.

Communication

Keep affected communities informed about available services and updates.

Long-term Support

Plan for recovery and rehabilitation efforts to rebuild lives and infrastructure

Immediate Aid

Helps restore order and stability in affected areas, preventing further chaos.

Supports rebuilding efforts and strengthens communities to better withstand future disasters.

Demonstrates international cooperation and solidarity in times of need.

Importance of Relief Operations (4)

Natural disasters

Humanitarian Crises

Epidemics and Pandemics

Food insecurity

Environmental emergencies

Relief operations are conducted during various situations, including (5)

Disaster Rehabilitation and Recovery

This aspect covers the concerns related to employment and livelihoods, infrastructure and lifeline facilities, as well as housing and resettlement. These are recovery efforts done when residents are already outside of the evacuation centers.

Operational Timelines

specifically for a priority area of Disaster Response and Rehabilitation, these are used primarily to give an overall guidance on the “rapid” time element in providing humanitarian activities and recovering from disasters.

Immediate Term (IT)

These operational timelines are as follows:

Within 1 after occurrence of the disaster

Short Term (ST)

These operational timelines are as follows:

Within 1-3 years after occurrence of the disaster

Medium Term (MT)

These operational timelines are as follows:

Within 3-6 years after occurrence of the disaster

Long Term (LT)

These operational timelines are as follows:

Beyond 6 years after occurrence of the disaster

Disaster Pevention

Under section 3 of R.A. 10121, it is defined as the outright avoidance of adverse impacts of hazards and related disasters. It expresses the concept and intention to completely avoid potential adverse impacts through action taken in advance such as construction of dams or embankments that eliminate flood risks, land-use regulations that do not permit any settlement in high-risk zones and seismic engineering designs that ensure the survival and function of a critical building in any likely earthquake

Disaster Mitigation

Under section 3 of R.A. 10121, it is defined as the lessening or limitation of the adverse impacts of hazards and related disasters. Measures encompass engineering techniques and hazard resilient construction as well as improved environmental policies and public awareness

1. Store an adequate supply of food and clean water. Prepare foods that need not be cooked.

2. Keep flashlights, candles and battery-powered radios within easy reach.

3. Examine your house and repair its unstable parts.

4. Always keep yourself updated with the latest weather report.

5. Secure domesticated animals in a safe place.

6. Should you need to evacuate, bring clothes, a first aid kit, candles/flashlight, battery-powered radio, food, etc

What to do before a typhoon

1. Stay inside the house.

2. Always keep yourself updated with the latest weather report.

3. If safe drinking water is not available, boil water for at least 20 minutes. Place it in a container with a cover.

4. Keep an eye on lighted candles or gas lamps.

5. Do not wade through floodwaters to avoid being electrocuted and contracting diseases.

6. If there is a need to move to an evacuation center, follow these reminders: Evacuate calmly.

7. Close the windows and turn off the main power switch.

8. Put important appliances and belongings on high ground.

9. Avoid the way leading to the river.

What to do during a typhoon

1. If your house was destroyed, make sure that it is already safe and stable when you enter.

2. Beware of dangerous animals such as snakes that may have entered your house.

3. Watch out for live wires or outlets immersed in water.

4. Report damaged electrical cables and fallen electric posts to the authorities.

5. Do not let water accumulate in tires, cans or pots to avoid creating a favorable condition for mosquito breeding

What to do after a typhoon

1. Never drive through flooded roadways.

2. If the vehicle stalls, leave it immediately and seek higher ground.

3. Store drinking water in various containers. Water service may be interrupted.

4. Keep a stock of food that requires little cooking and no refrigeration.

5. Keep first aid supplies on hand.

6. Keep a battery-powered portable radio, emergency cooking equipment, and flashlights in working condition.

7. Avoid areas subject to sudden flooding.

8. Children should never play around high water, storm drains, or viaducts.

9. Seek necessary medical care at the nearest hospital. Food, clothing, shelter, and first aid are available from the Red Cross.

Flood safety measures (9)

1. Determine whether the site is along an active fault and/or prone to liquefaction or landslide which may cause damage to your house or building.

2. Check the stability of hanging objects which may break loose and fall during earthquakes. Heavy materials should be kept in lower shelves.

3. Breakable items, harmful chemicals, and flammable materials should be stored in the lowermost shelves and secured firmly.

4. Make it a habit to turn off gas tanks when not in use.

5. Identify relatively strong parts of the building like door jambs, near elevator shafts, sturdy tables, where you can take refuge during an earthquake.

6. Learn to use fire extinguishers, first aid kits, alarms and emergency exits. These should be accessible, conveniently located, and prominently marked.

7. Prepare and maintain an earthquake survival kit consisting of a battery-powered radio, flashlight, first aid kit, potable water, candies, ready-to-eat food, whistle, and dust mask.

What to do before an earthquake

1. If you are inside a structurally sound building, stay there. Protect your body from falling debris by bracing yourself in a doorway or by getting under a sturdy desk or table

2. Practice "drop, cover and hold on”

3. drop- or get close to the floor, under a table or desk or near an interior wall,

4. cover- or cover your head and eyes with your arms, and

5. hold on- hold onto something sturdy/anything handy

6. If you are outside, move to an open area. Get away from power lines, posts, walls, and other structures that may fall or collapse.

7. When driving a vehicle, pull to the side of the road and stop. Do not attempt to cross bridges or overpasses which may have been damaged.

8. If you are on a mountain or near a steep hill slope, move away from steep escarpments that may be affected by landslides.

9. If you are along the shore and you feel a very strong earthquake, strong enough to make standing difficult, it is always safest to assume that a tsunami (giant sea waves) has been triggered. Run away from the shore toward higher ground.

What to do during an earthquake

1. If you are inside, do not rush to the exit; get out calmly in an orderly manner and take the safest way out.

2. Do not use elevators, use the stairs.

3. Check the surroundings.

4. Check yourself and others for injuries.

5. Do not use your car and drive around areas of damage.

6. Don't enter partially damaged buildings, strong aftershocks may cause these to collapse.

7. Gather information and disaster prevention instructions from battery-operated radios.

8. Clean up chemical spills, toxic, and flammable materials to avoid any chain of unwanted events. Check for fire and if any, have it controlled.

9. Check your water and electrical lines for defects. If any damage is suspected, turn the system off in the main valve or switch.

10. If you must evacuate your residence, leave a message stating where you are going. Take with you your earthquake survival kit, which should contain all necessary items for your protection and comfort.

What to do after an earthquake

Pull

In the PASS word, what does the P stand for?

Aim

In the PASS word, what does the A stand for?

Squeeze

In the PASS word, what does the first S stand for?

Sweep

In the PASS word, what does the second S stand for?

Base

Aim at the __ of the fire and stand 6-10 feet away