TCP/IP

Etiquette

• Avoid jargon (clear concise)

• Positivity, assure problem is solved, but be honest about timeline,

• When difficult customers active listening,

• Be on time,

• Culturally sensitive title usage

• Avoid distractions

• Confidentiality

multimeter

Tool to measure current (voltage, current, resistance).

Cable tester

Plug both ends of a ethernet cable into tester.

• Straight through or cross over cable?

• Break in cable?

Tone generator/probe

Traces copper cable wire in wall

Two piece - tone generator is connected to one end of a cable connection and the probe is connected to the other end.

Ton generated when a connection is made.

Used to find out which cable has been terminated in a 110 block - think ahead.

Optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR)

Find kinks and breaks in fiber optic cables

Signal sent down cable, if a break signal bounces back.

Measures cable length and attenuation (loss of signal over distance).

Performs by reading the optical fiber (light meter)

Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR)

For kinks and breaks in copper cables

Ping

To see if a destination can be reached

Ping -t

Keeps pinging location until (Ctrl -c) is pressed

ping -n #

Ping location a specific number of times

tracert

Router hops, from device to destination.

To troubleshoot where data is having trouble reaching dest.

*is bad router issue

pathping

ping and tracert combo, shows hops and % of dropped packets

Telnet

To connect remotely to devices/ no secure/clear text

Instead : netSSH secure shell 22 -encrypted

Netstat

Displays nw statistic open and listening ports + protocol statistics

netstat -a

displays open and LISTENING ports

netstat - IP (protocol name)

Specific protocol information

netstat -s

Per protocol statistics

class A - priv range

10

class b - priv range

172.16 - 172.31

class c - prive range

192.168

APIPA - automatic private IP addressing

169.254

127 range

Local loopback range only - not assigned to any1

FTP - forget time period

20, 21 - transfers files

SSH - secure shell - backwards s’s

22 - remote connectionsto devices encryped

Telnet - tel it to the net terminal network

23 - remote connections to devices unencrypted

SMPT - simple mail transfer protocol - Santa Mail

25 - outgoing mail

DNS - domain name system - Eisenhower website/day he was brought in www.EisenHower.com

53 - resolves hostnames to IP addresses

Kerberos - demonic vibes

88 - Used for mutual authentication

Pop3 - popcorn calories - post office protocol version 3

110 - Used for incoming mail

Get emails from a mail server and download them to a single computer/device

HTTP -OLD MAN

80 - Used for webpages

NNTP - Nw news transfer protocol - Breaking news! A bunch of teens _____

Used for news groups such as Usenet

NetBIOS

137-139 - interface for applications to req nw services

_{IMAP - internet message access protocol}

143 - stored and stay on remote email servers/access from mult dev’sSN

SNMP - simple nw management protocol - Marcus Aureleius is emperor of Rome in _he managed the Roman nw management protocol - nw’ed rome

161, 162 - nw management protocol like Marcus did to Rome

LDAP - lightweight directory access protocol - police vibes LAPD looks like open and closed handcuffs

389 - authenticate and authorize to access resources

HTTPS

SECURE webpage browsing

SMB - Server message block - number buddies share just like the files and folders between diff comps on nw

445 - files and folders are shared by different computers on a newtork

L2TP - layer 2 tunneling protocol

1701 - the tunnel right there for secure data transmissions

PTP - Point to point tunneling protocol , you get from point 1 to point 3

For Vpn authentication - direct connection, no centralized server

RDP - Remote Desktop Protocol

3389 - remote connections to devices