PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy

The love of wisdom, derived from the Greek words "philo" (love) and "sophia" (wisdom).

Philo

A Greek term meaning love, indicating a great interest and pleasure in something.

Sophia

A Greek term meaning wisdom, referring to the ability to make sensible decisions.

Louis Pojman

Philosopher who defined philosophy as a "quest for truth."

Alistair Sinclair

Philosopher who described philosophy as the ultimate thinking activity.

Robert Solomon

Philosopher who viewed philosophy as an attempt to understand.

Metaphysics

A branch of philosophy that studies reality and existence, asking "What is there?"

Epistemology

A branch of philosophy focused on knowledge, its sources, nature, and validity.

Logic

A branch of philosophy concerned with correct and sound reasoning.

Ethics

A branch of philosophy that examines moral questions and the rightness or wrongness of actions.

Aesthetics

A branch of philosophy that studies beauty and what makes things beautiful.

Axiology

A branch of philosophy that deals with values and goodness.

Theodicy

A branch of philosophy that studies God and the cosmos, aiming to justify or defend God's existence.

Pre-Socratic Period

The early phase of philosophy beginning around 600 BCE, initiated by thinkers like Thales.

Thales of Miletus

Regarded as the father of philosophy, believed in a single underlying substance of reality.

Socratic Method

A form of dialogue used by Socrates to stimulate critical thinking and illuminate ideas.

Plato

Philosopher who distinguished between the World of Senses and the World of Ideas.

Aristotle

Philosopher who emphasized knowledge formed through human experience.

Medieval Period

A phase of philosophy focused on God and religious faith, with thinkers like St. Augustine and St. Thomas Aquinas.

Rene Descartes

Philosopher known as the Father of Modern Philosophy, emphasized knowledge and the statement "Cogito ergo sum."

Scientific Method

A discipline that deals with principles and techniques of scientific inquiry.

Empirical Method

Aristotle's approach to philosophy through experimentation and observation.

Socratic Method

A dialogue of questioning aimed at guiding participants to the truth.

Dialectic

A method of discourse between individuals with differing viewpoints.

Intellectual Competence

The ability to share and evaluate ideas critically.

Intellectual Training

The process of training the mind to question and analyze information.

Ideological Expression

Sharing and examining different viewpoints.

Illumination

The process of gaining enlightenment and understanding.

Dogmatism

The refusal to reconsider one's beliefs or ideas.

Diverse Perspective

The ability to broaden one's viewpoint through deeper understanding.

Clear Mind

The process of cleansing unnecessary thoughts for better clarity.

Reflective Thinking

The ability to think independently and creatively.

Explorer of Truth

The pursuit of knowledge and understanding of reality.

Truth

A statement that conforms to reality and is reliable or trustworthy.

Correspondence Theory of Truth

The idea that a statement is true if it corresponds to reality.

Coherence Theory of Truth

The belief that truth is based on the consistency of beliefs.

Pragmatic Theory of Truth

The view that truth is defined by the practical usefulness of an idea.

Idealism

A philosophical perspective that emphasizes the mind and soul as essential components of a human being.

Dualism

The belief that humans are composed of both body and soul/mind.

Physicalism

The view that only physical things exist.

Ataraxia

The pursuit of pleasure through knowledge.

Environmental Philosophy

The study of the moral relationship between humans and the environment.

Anthropocentric

A perspective that places humans at the center of moral consideration.

Ecocentric

A nature-centered perspective that values the ecological integrity of all living beings.

Deep Ecology

A theory asserting that all life forms have an equal right to exist.

Social Ecology

The study of individual interactions with their environment.

Ecofeminism

A branch of feminism that explores the connection between women and nature.

Pollution

The introduction of harmful substances into the environment.

Climate Change

Long-term alterations in temperature and weather patterns due to human activity.

Global Warming

The increase in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gas emissions.

Deforestation

The clearing of forests for agriculture or urban use, leading to environmental issues.

Overpopulation

The condition of having a population that exceeds the capacity of the environment.

Industrial Waste

Waste produced by industrial activities that poses environmental concerns.

Acid Rain

Rainfall that is acidic due to