Flash Card Master Set

Dorsal

backside

Ventral

bellyside

Median

midline

Lateral

further from midline

Cranial

close to the head

Caudal

close to the tail

Proximal

closer to the attached end of the limb

Distal

farther from the attached end of the limb

Palmar

front feed

Plantar

back feet

Rostral

closer to nose

thoracic cavity

heart and lungs

abdominal cavity

digestive

pelvic cavity

excretion and reproduction

Bone

cells and collagen fibers

Bones store:

calcium and phosphate

Bones are:

levers for locomotion

cortical bone:

low volume, high weight, solid mechanical strength

trabecular bone:

high volume, low weight, rods and plates

osteoblasts:

bone forming

what do osteoblasts make?

osteoid

osteocytes:

repair internal matrix damage and bone remodeling

osteoclasts:

resorb bone

what do osteoclasts do?

recycle calcium for use elsewhere and destroy damaged bone for rebuilding

what does intramembranous formation do?

thickens long bones

what does endochondral ossification do?

lengthens long bones, increasing height