MIS

Access Control

Limits who can view or use data and systems.

Accuracy

Data that is correct and free of errors.

Algorithm

A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem.

Application Software

Software designed to help users perform specific tasks.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Technology that allows computers to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence.

Authentication

The process of verifying a user's identity.

Authorization

Determining what an authenticated user is allowed to access.

Automation

Using technology to complete tasks with little or no human involvement.

Availability

Ensuring systems and data are accessible when needed.

Backup

A copy of data used for recovery if the original is lost.

Bandwidth

The maximum amount of data that can be transferred over a network.

Big Data

Extremely large collections of data analyzed for trends and patterns.

Biometrics

Security methods using fingerprints

Bluetooth

A short-range wireless communication technology.

Browser

Software used to access websites on the internet.

Business Intelligence (BI)

The use of data to help businesses make better decisions.

Cache

Temporary storage that speeds up access to frequently used data.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The main processor that executes instructions and performs calculations.

Client

A computer or device that requests services from a server.

Cloud Computing

Delivering computing services over the internet.

Cloud Storage

Storing files and data on internet-based servers.

Collaboration Software

Software that allows people to work together remotely.

Computer Network

A group of connected devices that share resources and information.

Confidentiality

Protecting information from unauthorized access.

Cookies

Small files stored by websites to remember user information.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

Software used to manage customer information and interactions.

Cybersecurity

Protecting computers

Dashboard

A visual display of important business information and metrics.

Data

Raw facts that have not been processed.

Database

An organized collection of related data.

Database Management System (DBMS)

Software used to create

Data Mining

Finding useful patterns and relationships in large sets of data.

Data Warehouse

A large storage system for historical business data.

Decision Support System (DSS)

A system that helps managers make decisions using data analysis.

Decryption

Converting encrypted data back into readable form.

Digital Transformation

Integrating digital technology into business operations.

Encryption

Converting readable data into coded form for security.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Software that integrates major business functions into one system.

Executive Support System (ESS)

A system that provides executives with high-level business information.

Executive Information System (EIS)

Another name for an Executive Support System.

Ethernet

A common wired networking technology.

Field

A single piece of information in a database record.

Firewall

A security system that blocks unauthorized network access.

Foreign Key

A database field that links one table to another.

Gigabyte (GB)

Approximately one billion bytes of storage.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

A user interface with icons

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

A magnetic storage device for long-term data storage.

Hardware

The physical components of a computer.

Hashing

Converting data into a fixed-length value

Hybrid Cloud

A cloud environment that combines public and private cloud services.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

The protocol used to transfer web pages.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)

The secure version of HTTP that encrypts data.

Input Device

Hardware used to enter data into a computer.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

A cloud service providing virtual servers

Information

Processed data that has meaning.

Information Processing Cycle

The process of input

Integrity

Ensuring data remains accurate and unchanged.

Internet

A worldwide network of connected computers.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Everyday devices connected to the internet.

Intranet

A private internal network within an organization.

Inventory Management System

A system used to track inventory levels and product movement.

IP Address

A unique numerical address assigned to a device on a network.

Key Performance Indicator (KPI)

A measurable value used to evaluate business performance.

Knowledge

Information combined with experience and understanding.

Local Area Network (LAN)

A network covering a small geographic area.

Latency

The delay before data begins transferring across a network.

Machine Learning

A type of AI that learns from data without being explicitly programmed.

Mainframe

A powerful computer used by large organizations to process massive amounts of data.

Management Information System (MIS)

A system that provides managers with reports and information for decision-making.

Malware

Software designed to damage or disrupt computers.

Metadata

Data that describes other data.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

A network covering a city or metropolitan area.

Modem

A device that connects a local network to an internet service provider.

Multi-Cloud

The use of multiple cloud service providers.

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

A security method requiring two or more forms of verification.

Network

A group of connected computers or devices.

Network Attached Storage (NAS)

A storage device connected to a network for file sharing.

Normalization

Organizing database tables to reduce duplicate data.

Office Automation System (OAS)

Software that supports everyday office tasks like email and word processing.

Operating System (OS)

Software that manages computer hardware and software resources.

Order Processing Cycle

The sequence of receiving

Output Device

Hardware that displays or produces information.

Password Manager

Software that securely stores and manages passwords.

Personal Area Network (PAN)

A network used by one person over a short distance.

Phishing

A scam that tricks users into revealing personal information.

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A cloud service providing tools for application development.

Predictive Analytics

Using data to predict future outcomes.

Prescriptive Analytics

Using data to recommend actions.

Primary Key

A unique field used to identify each database record.

Private Cloud

A cloud environment used exclusively by one organization.

Processing

Converting input data into useful information.

Project Management

Planning

Public Cloud

Cloud services shared by many organizations over the internet.

Query

A request to retrieve information from a database.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Temporary memory used while programs are running.

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Permanent memory that stores startup instructions.

Record

A complete row of related data in a database.

Relationship

A connection between database tables.

Router

A device that directs network traffic between networks.

Ransomware

Malware that locks files until a payment is made.