Upper Leg AOINs

Gluteus Maximus Origin

Behind the posterior gluteal line, posterior sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

Gluteus maximus insertion

tubercle of iliotibial tract on the tibia, via iliotibial tract; gluteal tuberosity of femur

gluteus maximus action

extends, laterally rotates, and abducts thigh at hip joint

gluteus maximus innervation

inferior gluteal nerve

gluteus minimus origin

between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

gluteus minimus insertion

anterolateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur

gluteus minimus action

medially rotates and abducts thigh at hip joint

gluteus minimus innervation

superior gluteal nerve

gluteus medius origin

between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

gluteus medius insertion

lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur

gluteus medius action

medially rotates and abducts thigh at hip joint

gluteus medius innervation

superior gluteal nerve

piriformis origin

pelvic surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament

piriformis insertion

superior border of greater trochanter of femur

piriformis action

laterally rotates and transversely abducts thigh at hip joint

piriformis innervation

nerve to piriformis

obturator externus origin

external surface of obturator membrane and adjacent bones

obturator externus insertion

trochanteric fossa of femur

obturator externus action

laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

obturator externus innervation

posterior branch of obturator nerve

obturator internus origin

internal surface of obturator membrane and adjacent bones

obturator internus insertion

medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur

obturator internus action

laterally rotates and transversely abducts thigh at hip joint

obturator internus innervation

nerve to obturator internus

quadratus femoris origin

lateral margin of ischial tuberosity

quadratus femoris insertion

quadratus tubercle of femur

quadratus femoris action

laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

quadratus femoris innervation

nerve to quadrates femoris

superior gemelli origin

ischial spine

superior gemelli insertion

medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur

superior gemelli action

laterally rotates and transversely abducts thigh at hip joint

superior gemelli innervation

nerve to obturator internus

inferior gemelli origin

ischial tuberosity

inferior gemelli insertion

medial aspect of greater trochanter of femur

inferior gemelli action

laterally rotates and transversely abducts thigh at hip joint

inferior gemelli innervation

nerve to quadratus femoris

sartorius origin

anterior superior iliac spine

sartorius insertion

medial aspect of proximal tibia

sartorius action

flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; assists in flexion, abduction, and lateral rotation of thigh at hip joint

sartorius innervation

femoral nerve

pectinous origin

superior pubic ramus

pectinous insertion

pectineal line of femur

pectinous action

adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint

pectinous innervation

femoral nerve; obturator nerve

iliopsoas (iliac/psoas) origin

iliacus: iliac crest, superior 2/3 of iliac fossa, Ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligaments. Psoas: transverse processes of L1-L5, adjacent intervertebral discs

iliopsoas insertion

lesser trochanter of femur, via tendon of psoas major

iliopsoas action

flexes thigh at hip joint; flexes trunk

iliopsoas innervation

iliacus: femoral nerve. psoas major: anterior rami of 1-3 lumbar nerves

vastus medialis origin

medial intertrochanteric line, pectineal (spiral) line, medial lip of the linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

vastus medialis insertion

tibial tuberosity, via tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle and patellar ligament, medial border of patella

vastus medialis action

extends leg at knee joint

vastus medialis innervation

femoral nerve

vastus lateralis origin

intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of line aspera of femur

vastus lateralis insertion

tibial tuberosity, via tendon of quadriceps and patellar ligament, lateral border of patella

vastus lateralis action

extends leg at knee joint

vastus lateralis innervation

femoral nerve

vastus intermedius origin

anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur

vastus intermedius insertion

tibial tuberosity, via tendon of quadriceps and patellar ligament

vastus intermedius action

extends leg at knee joint

vastus intermedius innervation

femoral nerve

rectus femoris origin

anterior inferior iliac spine, supraacetabular groove of ilium

rectus femoris insertion

tibial tuberosity via quadriceps tendon and patella ligament

rectus femoris action

extends leg at knee joint; flexes thigh at hip joint

rectus femoris innervation

femoral nerve

semitendinosus origin

ischial tuberosity

semitendinosus insertion

medial aspect of proximal tibia

semitendinosus action

flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint

semitendinosus innervation

tibial division of sciatic nerve

semimembranosus origin

ischial tuberosity

semimembranosus insertion

medial condyle of tibia

semimembranosus action

flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint

semimembranosus innervation

tibial division of sciatic nerve

biceps femoris longhead origin

ischial tuberosity

biceps femoris longhead insertion

head of fibula

biceps femoris longhead action

flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee joint; extends thigh at hip joint

biceps femoris longhead innervation

tibial division of sciatic nerve

biceps femoris shorthead origin

linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line

biceps femoris shorthead insertion

head of fibula

biceps femoris shorthead action

flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee joint

biceps femoris shorthead innervation

common fibular division of sciatic nerve

adductor longus origin

anterior surface of body of pubis

adductor longus insertion

middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur

adductor longus action

adducts thigh at hip joint

adductor longus innervation

anterior branch of obturator nerve

adductor Magnus origin

inferior pubic ramus, ramus of ischium & ischial tuberosity

adductor Magnus insertion

gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle

adductor Magnus action

adducts, flexes, and extends thigh at hip joint

adductor Magnus innervation

obturator nerve and tibial division of sciatic nerve

adductor brevis origin

body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus

adductor brevis insertion

proximal 1/3 of medial lip of linea aspera

adductor brevis action

adducts thigh at hip joint

adductor brevis innervation

anterior branch of obturator nerve

gracilis origin

body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus

gracilis insertion

medial aspect of proximal part of tibia

gracilis action

flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint; assists in adduction of thigh at hip joint

gracilis innervation

obturator nerve

tensor fascia latae origin

anterior superior iliac spine, anterior 1/3 of outer lip of iliac crest

tensor fascia latae insertion

tubercle of iliotibial tract on the tibia

tensor fascia latae action

assists in medial rotation, abduction, and flexion of thigh at hip joint

tenor fascia latae innervation

superior gluteal nerve