Organizations to 11 systems

Movement

locomotion, propulsion, contractility

Responsiveness

can sense changes and respond to the environment

Growth and differentiation

increases in size and changes into something bigger

Reproduction

has cellular and organismal levels

Cellular

a cell divides and produces two identical daughter cells

Organismal

sperm and egg join to make a person

Metabolism and excretion

all chemical reactions that occur in the body and removes waste

organizations of the body

chemicals → organelles→cellular → Tissues → Organ → system level→ Organismic level

Chemicals

atoms combine to make molecules

Cellular

cells are made of molecules

Organelles

a tiny part inside a cell that does a specific job

Tissues

group of cells that have similar functions

Organ

made of different types of tissues

Organ system level

has different organs that work together

Organismic level

made of many organ systems

How many organ systems

Human body has 11 organ systems

Anatomy

study of body structure.

Physiology — study of body function.

2 main types of anatomy are

macroscopic and microscopic anatomy

Gross anatomy/ macroscopic anatomy

can be seen with your eyes

Microscopic anatomy

using microscope to see parts of body

Surface anatomy

studying the surface or outside of your body (listening to your heart, pulse) SUPERFICIAL MARKINGS

Regional anatomy

Studying one body region at a time (head, neck, arm)

Systemic anatomy

Study of organs that work together as a system. Example: Cardiovascular system heart and blood vessels distribute blood and nutrients throughout the body.

Microscopic has 2 divisions

cytology and histology

Cytology

study of cells and the fundamental units of life

Histology

study of tissues

4 main tissues (Every, morning, cats, nap)

Epithelial: covers and protects Muscle: movement Connective: supports and connects Nervous: sends signals

Organ level

We move from microscopic to macroscopic

Neural system

brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense organs

Endocrine system

pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenals, testes, ovaries

Muscular system

skeletal muscles, fascia and tendons

Skeletal system

bones, cartilages, ligaments, bone marrow

Cardiovascular system

heart, blood, blood vessels

Integumentary system

skin, hair, sweat glands, nails

Lymphatic system

spleen, thymus, tonsils, lymph nodes

Respiratory system

nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

Digestive system

teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, pancreas, liver, S.l/L.I

Urinary system

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Reproductive system

testes, prostate gland, penis, scrotum. Ovaries, uterus, vagina, clitoris, mammary glands