Psychology Final

The inability to recall important personal information, usually following trauma:

**Amnesia**

Persistent difficulty in parting w/ possessions, items; excessive storage of things without value

**Hoarding**

A state of extreme agitation -episodes of extreme cheerful euphoria, increased activity, and excessive mood irritability

1. **Mania/Manic episode**

Symptoms and feelings of depression only during a particular time of year (usually winter)

**Seasonal pattern/Seasonal Affective Disorder**

Anxiety disorder characterized by intense fear, anxiety and avoidance of public places and situations:

**Agoraphobia**

The co-occurrence of two or more diagnosed disorders in the same person

Comorbidity

Personality disorder: displays a lack of remorse and regard for others, impulsiveness, deceit.

**Antisocial Personality Disorder**

Early symptoms of psychosis - if caught early and treated, can improve schizophrenia

**Prodromal Symptoms**

Perceptual experience of the senses - hearing or seeing things that are not really there.

**Hallucinations**

Severe symptoms: major disturbances of body movement, thought, perception, emotion, hallucinations, & delusions

**Schizophrenia**

Symptoms: intrusive & distressing memories/ feelings; avoidance, hypervigilance and negative emotions - after a trauma

**PTSD (post traumatic stress disorder)**

Mood disorder characterized by mood states going back and forth between depression and mania/hyperactivity

**Bipolar Disorder**

Personality disorder: instability in relationships, self image, mood, unpredictable actions, black and white thinking.

**Borderline Personality Disorder**

Anxiety disorder: continuous state of excessive, uncontrolled worry, apprehension, and anxiety.

1. **GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder)**

True or False: Hallucinations and Delusions are two terms meaning the same thing

False

Psychological state of reliving a past traumatic memory of an event - as if the event was occurring

**Flashback**

A fugue state is when someone wanders away and experiences confusion - often with loss of memory or identity.

True

A model for evaluating stress - stress builds up to a threshold where someone can develop a disorder when overwhelmed.

Diathesis

Childhood spectrum disorder: deficit of social interaction and communication; repetitive patterns of behavior/interests.

**Autism Spectrum**

Excessive preoccupation with imagined defects in the body and appearance

**Body Dysmorphia**

The process of closing large asylums via government budget cuts, integrating people back into the community where they can be treated locally

**Deinstitutionalization**

Therapy system developed by Sigmund Freud that employs free association, dream analysis, and transference to uncover repressed feelings

**Psychoanalysis**

Therapy system where a clinician seeks to treat a client’s fear, phobia, or anxiety by gradually presenting the feared object or situation, easing them into the experience:

**Exposure Therapy**

Therapeutic process, often used with children, that employs toys and games to help them resolve psychological problems

**Play therapy**

In terms of development and the nature vs nurture debate, what we mean when we discuss inherited traits, genes and biology:

**Nature**

In terms of development and the nature vs nurture debate, what we mean when we discuss environment, family, culture, and upbringing:

**Nurture**

The period of development that begins at puberty and ends at early adulthood

**Adolescence**

Concepts (mental models) that are used to help us categorize and interpret information

**Schemas**

The domain of lifespan development that examines growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness:

**Physical development**

The study of development using average ages for milestone markers in life, when most children typically reach specific developmental events:

**Norms/normative approach**

How feelings and our view of the world can be distorted by our own specific memory of past events, life experiences, and upbringing resulted in skewed perspectives:

**Bias**

A method of efficiently organizing larger amounts of data and information in the brain and memory into more manageable bits and pieces:

**Chunking**

The holding of smaller bits of more immediate information before it is forgotten or stored, as well as information that is actively being retrieved and is being used very recently.

**short-term memory (STM)**

The continuous storage of information over a more extensive period of time:

**long-term memory (LTM)**

Your ability to immediately access stored memory and information without cues, reminders, or hints:

**Recall**

The loss of memory for events that occurred prior to an accident or incident resulting in brain trauma.

**retrograde amnesia**

The score one might receive on a test designed to measure *raw knowledge and human intelligence*; this used to be the gold standard of measuring intelligence, administered by trained and licensed professionals:

**Intelligence quotient (IQ)**

The ability by which people can *understand and relate to those in another culture*

**Cultural intelligence**

The ability to understand *emotions and motivations* in yourself and others; becoming more popular than other measures in modern times:

**Emotional intelligence (EQ)**

The oath sworn to by therapists and medical professionals offering treatment stating that they can not disclose confidential communications to any third party, unless mandated or permitted by law

**Patient confidentiality**

A treatment method option in which multiple people (who are non-related and not in a relationship) meet together with a trained clinician to discuss similar issues and concerns (example: alcoholics anonymous)

**Group therapy**