People and daily life

admit (v)

• Meaning 1:

  • He admitted (to) stealing the money

• Meaning 2:

  • One one guest is admitted at a time.

• [transitive, intransitive] to agree that sth is true or correct - thừa nhận

• [transitive] to allow sb to enter a place - cho vào, nhận vào

arrest (v)

• The police arrested her for theft.

[transitive] If the police ____ sb, they take them away because they think they have committed a crime - bắt giữ

charity (n)

• Meaning 1:

  • They donated to a local charity.

  • My family donates clothes and toys to charity every year to support those less fortunate.

• Meaning 2:

  • Sam always shows charity to her friends, even though they always betray her.

• [countable, uncountable] an organisation that gives money, food or help to people in need - tổ chức từ thiện

• [uncountable] (formal) kind behaviour and sympathy towards other people, especially when you are judging them - lòng bác ái

commit (v)

• Meaning 1:

  • He committed a serious crime.

  • to commit an act of violence/terrorism

  • to commit suicide/murder/sins/atrocities

• Meaning 2:

  • I’ve committed myself that I will be an efficient learner, but I’ve also been procrastinating during that time.

  • Making an application does not commit you to anything.

• [transitive] to do something wrong or illegal - phạm tội

• [transitive, often passive] to promise sincerely that you will definitely do something, keep to an agreement or arrangement, etc.

community (n)

• She’s well-respected in the local community.

• Most of our neighbours in the whole community are helpful and supportive.

[countable] all the people who live in a particular area or who are similar in some way - cộng đồng

court (n)

• Relatives of the victims are in court.

• The case took five years to come to court (= to be heard by the court).

[countable] a place where legal trials (phiên toà) happen and where crimes, etc., are judged - tòa án

criminal (n)

• a convicted (đã phán quyết, kết án) criminal

• a career criminal (= someone who earns their income by criminal activities)

• He admits to being a petty criminal (= a not-so-serious criminal)

[countable] a person who commits a crime - người tội phạm

criminal (adj)

• Meaning 1:

  • They are investigating criminal activity.

• Meaning 2:

  • a criminal prosecution/conviction

  • a criminal case

  • The former minister could face criminal proceedings over his involvement in the deal.

• [usually before noun] (rather formal or law) connected to crime

• [only before noun] connected to the laws that deal with crime

liên quan đến tội phạm

culture (n)

• Culture is the basis of our people.

• Cultures are various worldwide, so we have to treat them with respect.

[countable, uncountable] the ideas, customs, and social behavior of a particular group - văn hóa

familiar (adj)

• Meaning 1:

  • to look/sound/seem familiar

  • I couldn’t see any familiar faces in the room.

  • He's a familiar figure in the neighbourhood.

  • The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery.

• Meaning 2:

  • an area with which I had been familiar since childhood

  • You will soon become familiar with the different activities.

• Meaning 3:

  • He was being overly familiar with Gloria.

  • You seem to be on very familiar terms with your tutor.

  • After a few drinks, her boss started getting too familiar for her liking.

• known to you, or easily recognized

• knowing something very well

• ​(of a person’s behaviour) very informal, sometimes in an unpleasant way

quen thuộc, thân thuộc, thân quen

government/the Government (gov/govt) (n)

• to lead/form a government

• She has resigned from the Government.

• The Government has/have been considering further tax cuts.

• The government announced further austerity measures.

• This legislation was passed under the last Conservative government.

[countable] (+ singular/plural verb) the group of people who are responsible for controlling a country

habit (n)

• Meaning 1:

  • I'm trying to break the habit of staying up too late.

  • These things have a habit of coming back to haunt you.

  • I'm trying to be in the habit of anti-procrastinating.

  • I've got into the habit of opening my iPad as soon as I get home.

• Meaning 2:

  • I only do it out of habit.

  • I'm a creature of habit (= I have a fixed and regular way of doing things).

• [countable] something you do often, regularly, and sometimes without knowing

• [uncountable] usual behaviour

identity card/identification card/ID card (n.phr)

• Vietnamese citizens, from infants to the elderly, now have the right to be issued ID cards starting from July 1, 2024.

[countable] an official card with personal information to prove who you are - chứng minh nhân dân, căn cước công dân

illegal (adj)

• illegal drugs/firearms/substances

• She promised to crack down on illegal immigration.

• illegal immigrants/aliens

• His illegal activities landed him in jail several times.

• illegal mining/fishing/gambling

• These proposals are unethical and possibly illegal.

• It's illegal to drive through a red light.

• It is illegal for anyone under 18 to possess fireworks in a public place.

not allowed by law - bất hợp pháp (syn.: illicit)

politics (n)

• Meaning 1:

  • She is aiming for a career in politics.

  • a major figure in British politics

  • Have you considered going into politics (= trying to become a Member of Parliament, Congress, etc.)?

  • The economy has been a major issue in electoral politics.

  • This issue is beyond partisan politics (= when people strongly support one party or another).

  • Politics is/are essentially about compromise.

• Meaning 2:

  • His politics are quite conservative.

• Meaning 3:

  • Anna has just got a bachelor’s degree in Politics.

• [uncountable + singular or plural verb] activities related to governing a country or area

• ​[plural] a person’s political views or beliefs

• (also political science) [uncountable] the study of government and politics

(quan điểm/môn) chính trị

population (n)

• Meaning 1:

  • Vietnam has a total population of nearly a hundred million people.

  • The entire population of the town was at the meeting.

  • countries with ageing populations

  • Muslims make up 55 per cent of the population.

  • areas of dense/sparse population (= where many/not many people live)

• Meaning 2:

  • the adult/student/working population

  • the rural/urban population

  • The disease is relatively uncommon in the general population.

  • The prison population (= the number of people in prison) is continuing to rise.

  • The civilian population has/have been badly affected by the war.

• Meaning 3:

  • When populations are small, random events can lead them to behave atypically.

• [countable, uncountable] all the people living in a particular area

• [countable + singular or plural verb] a particular group of people or animals living in a particular area

• ​(statistics) a collection of items being statistically analysed

dân số

prison (n)

• She and her accomplices have gone to prison.

• When did she get out of prison?

• to be released from prison/out of prison

• He served four years in prison for killing a man.

• She is in prison, awaiting trial.

• Her son is in prison for murder.

[countable, uncountable] a building where criminals are kept as punishment - nhà tù (syn.: jail)

protest (n)

• The announcement raised a storm of protest.

• There have been mounting protests at the treatment of asylum seekers by the government.

• The director resigned in protest at the decision.

  People rioted (biểu tình) in the streets in protest.

• protests over plans to close the museum

• She accepted the charge without protest.

• The workers staged a protest against the proposed changes in their contracts.

[countable, uncountable] an act of showing disagreement

/ˈprəʊtest/

protest (v)

• Meaning 1:

  • There used to be people protesting about/against/at religious oppositions in the early 60s.

• Meaning 2:

  • She has always protested her innocence.

  • He protested that the journey was too far by car.

  • She protested that she could not receive a fair trial.

  • ‘That's not what you said earlier!’ Jane protested.

• [intransitive] to show public disagreement or opposition - biểu tình

• ​[transitive] to state clearly that something is true, especially when you have been accused of something or when other people do not believe you - khăng khăng

/prəˈtest/

resident (n)

• a resident of the United States

• The proposals sparked concern among local residents.

[countable] a person who lives in a particular place - cư dân

responsible (adj)

• “You have to be responsible for all the consequences you’ve caused!” his mum shouted.

• Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be responsible for their children.

• The management team is directly responsible for the day-to-day operations of the company.

having a duty to deal with sth; reliable - chịu/có trách nhiệm

rob (v)

• The thief was arrested for robbing the bank.

[transitive] to steal from a person or place using violence or threat - cướp có sử dụng vũ lực

routine (n)

• Meaning 1:

  • to settle/get/fall into a routine

  • We are trying to get the baby into a routine for feeding and sleeping.

  • In school, I quickly fell into the routine.

  • Make exercise a part of your daily routine.

  • A pressing work project had disrupted his normal sleep routine.

• Meaning 2:

  • She needed a break from routine.

  • He tries to escape the dull routine of his office life.

• [countable, uncountable] regular way of doing things

• [uncountable] (disapproving) a situation in which life is boring because things are always done in the same way

thói quen

routine (adj)

• Meaning 1:

  • routine enquiries (điều tra)/questions/tests/screening/quizzes/check

  • Don't worry—these are just routine enquiries.

  • The fault was discovered during a routine check.

  • This equipment requires routine maintenance.

  • The policemen were on a routine patrol (tuần tra).

  • It was claimed that torture of detainees (người bị giam giữ) was routine.

  • Routine use of antibiotics (kháng sinh) should be discouraged.

• Meaning 2:

  • He died of a heart attack during a routine operation.

• usual and regular - thường ngày

• not unusual or different in any way

schedule (n)

• Meaning 1:

  • a hectic (= busy)/gruelling (= tiring)/punishing/tight schedule

  • He has taken some time out of his busy schedule to talk to us.

  • They have a very flexible work schedule.

  • I have no time available in my regular schedule.

  • Filming began on schedule (= at the planned time).

  • The new bridge has been finished two years ahead of schedule.

  • The tunnel project has already fallen behind schedule.

  • At this stage, everything is going according to schedule before (= as planned).

  • We are trying desperately to keep to our schedule (try sticking to what the schedule says after having done it).

  • The countries have yet to set the schedule for the next round of talks.

• Meaning 2:

  • According to the schedule, the next train is going to arrive in 5 minutes.

  • Connor checked the bus schedules for the day.

  • disruptions to flight schedules caused by the strike

• [countable] a plan of events or activities - kế hoạch, lịch trình

• (North American English) (also timetable especially in British English) [countable] a chart showing the times at which trains, buses and planes leave and arrive - bảng lịch trình

situation (n)

• Meaning 1:

  • the present economic/financial/political situation

  • There is no doubt that the current situation is very serious.

  • People are fed up with the present situation.

  • We are now in a difficult situation.

  • We have all been in similar embarrassing situations.

  • I'm in a no-win situation (= whatever I do will be bad for me).

  • This is a win-win situation all around.

  • You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.

  • In your situation (~ If I were you), I would look for another job.

  • He could see no way out of the situation.

  • I thought she handled the situation well.

  • What can we do to improve the situation?

  • We will be monitoring the situation closely.

  • The failure of the talks created a dangerous situation in the region.

  • If this situation arises again, we will know what to do.

• Meaning 2:

  • The new committee of this ward is in a very good and luxurious situation - old district 1.

  • The town is in a delightful situation in a wide green valley.

• [countable] the set of conditions that exist at a particular time - trường hợp, tình huống

• ​(formal) the kind of location that a building or town has - vị trí

social (adj)

• She has a busy social life.

• Team sports help to develop a child's social skills (= the ability to talk easily to other people and do things in a group).

• Social events are organized almost every month in that walking street.

• It was a purely social visit.

related to society, people, or relationships - xã hội

society (n)

• She believes that the arts benefit society as a whole.

• Racism exists at all levels of society.

• These children have grown up to be useful and productive members of society.

• Every section of society must have access to education.

• They carried out research into the roles of men and women in today’s society.

• [uncountable] people living together in organized communities

• [countable, uncountable] a particular community of people who share the same customs, laws, etc.

xã hội

steal (v)

• I'll report you to the police if I catch you stealing again.

• We found out he'd been stealing from us for years.

• My wallet was stolen.

• I had my wallet stolen.

• He stole a car from the parking lot of a mall.

• It's a crime to handle stolen goods.

• He was charged with possession of stolen property.

• (figurative - ẩn dụ) to steal somebody’s ideas

• (figurative - ẩn dụ) They accused the president of stealing the election (= winning it by cheating).

[transitive] to take sth that doesn’t belong to you secretly or by force - ăn trộm, ăn cắp

tradition (n)

• religious/cultural/ancient traditions

• This region is steeped in tradition.

• The company has a long tradition of fine design.

• The company has continued its tradition of innovation.

• The British are said to love tradition (= to want to do things in the way they have always been done).

• They broke with tradition (= did things differently) and got married quietly.

• By tradition, children play tricks on 1 April.

• According to tradition, a tree grew on this spot.

• There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve.

• He's a politician in the tradition of (= similar in style to) Kennedy.

• a native culture expressed almost wholly through an oral tradition (= that is only spoken and not written down)

[countable, uncountable] a custom passed down through generations - phong tục truyền thống

typical (adj)

• It’s typical of him to do such things as cheating on his lover.

• It’s a very typical Vietnamese hometown.

having the usual features of a person or thing - đặc trưng, điển hình, tiêu biểu

vote (v)

• Have you voted for the new Parliament yet?

• to vote for a candidate/party/bill

• Did you vote for or against her?

• Over 60% of members voted in favour of (= for) the motion.

• We'll listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it.

• About 1.8 million people voted in the election.

• vote something We voted Democrat in the last election.

• to vote yes/no

• The board voted unanimously not to file for bankruptcy.

[intransitive, transitive] to choose sb/sth in an election - bỏ phiếu

vote (n)

• to win/lose votes

• You can cast your vote at the local polling station.

• He took 53% of the votes in the election.

• They've started opening the ballot boxes and counting the votes.

• The Tory candidate received only 4203 votes.

• There were 21 votes for and 17 against the motion, with 2 abstentions.

• The motion was passed by 6 votes to 3.

• The Green candidate won over 3,000 of the 14,000 votes cast.

[countable] a choice made in an election - bỏ phiếu

youth club (n phr.)

• She gives talks at local schools and youth clubs.

• There aren’t too many youth clubs in my school; most of the clubs are either academic, arts or sports.

[countable] a place where young people can meet and take part in activities - câu lạc bộ thanh thiếu niên