AIM Lecture 2

Skeleton, Back, and Torso

1

Clavical

2

Scapula

3

Thoracic Vertebrae

4

Lumbar Vertebrae

5

Pelvis

6

Sacrum

7

Coccyx

8

Femur

9

Patella

10

Tibia

11

Fibula

12

Phalanges

13

metatorsals

14

tarsals

15

Phalanges

16

metacarpals

17

carpals

18

Radius(Lines up with thumb)

19

Ulna

20

Humerus

21

Xiphoid Process

22

Ribs

23

Sternum Body

24

Mandibrium

25

Cervical Vertebrae

26

Cranium

27

Calcaneus

Vertebral Column Functions

(SPAM)

Support:Carry weight of body parts above pelvis

Protection:Encloses and protects the spinal cord within the spinal canal

Axis:Forms the central axis of the body

Movement:Has roles in both posture and movement

Parts of spine(5 Parts)

(CTLSC)

Cervical(7)

Thoracic(12)

Lumbar(5)

Sacrum(5, fused)

Coccyx(4, fused)

Ribs

12 total…

1-7 attached independently to the sternum

8-10 attached to the costal cartilage superior to them

11 and 12 do not have an anterior attachment and end in the abdominal musculature (Floating ribs)

Voluntary vs Involuntary Muscles

Voluntary= Consciously move

Involuntary= unconsciously move

Smooth muscle

an involuntary muscle found in the internal organs and blood vessels

Cardiac muscle

an involuntary muscle only found in the heart

Skeletal muscle

a voluntary muscle attached to the skeleton

Origin of muscle

Typically more proximal. Remains fixed during muscle contraction

Insertion of muscle

Typically more distal, moves closer to the origin during muscle contraction

?

Trapezius

?

Latissimus Dorsi

?(And Function?)

Lavator Scapulae, Elevates Scapulae

?

Rhomboid Minor

?

Rhomboid Major

? and Function

Serratus Posterior Superior(upper) and Inferior(lower), accessory muscles of respiration that compress ribs to cause forces exhalation

?

ILS…

Illiocostalis(Lateral)

Longissmus(middle)

Spinalis(Medial)

? and function

Pectoralis major, superficial muscle in the pectoral region

? and function

Pectoralis minor, deep to large counterpart muscle

Antagonist and agonist muscles

When agonist contracts and “shrinks” antagonist expands and relaxes to create a smooth movement

?

Serratus anterior

Intercostal Muscles (Function and parts)

Function:between ribs

1.External intercostal(Outermost part)

2.Internal intercostal(middle)

3.Innermost intercostal(most internal)

? and functions

Diaphram, separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity and is the main inspiratory muscle.

? and functions

Depresses the ribs, which aids in forced expiration

? and characteristics

External Obliques: Largest and most superficial

? and characteristics

Internal Obliques, lies deep in the external oblique

? and functions

Transversus abdominis: Deepest of flat muscles, transversely running fibers

?

Rectus Abdominis (AKA 6 Pack)