AP II Chapter 18

What is the function of blood?

• Continuously regenerated connective tissue

• Moves gases, nutrients, wastes, and hormones

Arteries

transport blood away from heart

Veins

transport blood toward hear

Capillaries

allow exchange between blood and body tissues

2 Fluids in the body that carry oxygen and nutrients and dispose of waste?

Blood and Interstitial fluid(inside cell)

Blood components

formed elements and plasma

Formed elements

Erythrocytes-transport respiratory gases in the blood

Leukocytes-defend against pathogens

Thrombocytes-Platelets help from clots to prevent blood loss

Plasma

Fluid portion of blood

Contains plasma proteins and dissolved solutes

3 Function of blood

Transportation, Protection, Regulation(temp, pH, Fluid balance)

Physical Characteristics of blood

Thicker than water

pH 7.35-7.45

5 liters

Color of Oxygenated blood

Bright Red

Color of Deoxygenated blood

Dark Red

Phlebotomist

collects blood

Whole blood

Plasma 55% (water, proteins, other solutes)

Buffy coat <1% (Platelets and leukocytes WBC)

Erythrocytes 44% (RBC)

Hepatocytes

means “liver cell” make most of the plasma proteins. 60-80% of liver mass

Plasma Protein

Albumins, Globulins, Fibrinogen

Albumins

transport proteins for steroid hormones and fatty acids

Globulins

include antibodies (immunoglobulins), which destroy foreign invaders – antigen-antibody complex.

Fibrinogen

blood clotting

Hematocrit

A blood test that measures the percentage of your total blood volume that consists of red blood cells (% of total blood volume occupied by RBC’s)

-Male has than female because of testosterone increase RBC’s.

Anemia

-hematocrit % drops below normal

Polycythemia

hematocrit % is high, over 65%

Cause of hematocrit over 65%

Dehydration, Blood doping, Overproduction

How long do RBC live?

120 days

Hemopoiesis

Formation of blood cell, occurs in red bone marrow.

Red bone marrow is located in the….

spongy (cancellous) tissue