[MPARA LAB MIDTERMS] TO1

Penicillium

What specimen appears black with string-like hyphae and segmented brushes?

Penicillium Hyphae/Septae

What is the thread-like tube that makes up the body of Penicillium?

Penicillium Conidia

What is the name and function of the asexual unicellular spores in Penicillium?

Penicillium Phialide/Sterigmata

What is the name and function of the flask-shaped spore-producing cells in Penicillium that generate conidia?

Penicillium Metula

What is the name and function of the secondary branch cells near the conidiophore that hold spore-makers in Penicillium?

Penicillium Conidiophore

What is the name and function of the branched hypha that lifts the spore-producing part into the air in Penicillium?

Aspergillus

What specimen appears blue or blue-green, fuzzy with solid visible dots and hyphae?

Aspergillus Conidia

What is the name and function of the asexual spores in Aspergillus pointed near the edge of the dot?

Aspergillus Phialides

What is the name and function of the spore-producing cells in Aspergillus pointed near the middle?

Aspergillus Vesicle

What is the name and function of the swelling at the tip of the conidiophore in Aspergillus from which phialides and conidia grow?

Aspergillus Conidiophore

What is the name and function of the structure directly connected to the vesicle in Aspergillus that supports the spore-producing part?

Rhizopus sporangia

What specimen appears colorful like Christmas with sacs containing lots of spores?

Rhizopus Sporangium

What is the name and function of the spore-bearing sac in Rhizopus?

Rhizopus Apophysis

What is the name and function of the swollen base of the sporangiophore at the edge of the sac in Rhizopus?

Rhizopus Columella

What is the name and function of the dome-shaped support inside the sporangium in Rhizopus that aids in spore dispersal?

Rhizopus zygospore

What specimen appears like raisins with structures on both sides?

Rhizopus Zygosporangium

What is the name and function of the thick-walled protective enclosure of the zygospore in Rhizopus?

Rhizopus Suspensor cells

What is the name and function of the hyphal cells that support and anchor the zygospore in Rhizopus?

Staphylococcus aureus

What specimen appears as round grape-like clusters under the microscope?

Staphylococcus aureus Coccus

What is the name and function of the individual spherical cell in Staphylococcus aureus?

Staphylococcus aureus Capsule

What is the name and function of the polysaccharide slime layer that maintains shape in Staphylococcus aureus?

Staphylococcus aureus Coagulase

What is the enzyme in Staphylococcus aureus that clots blood around bacteria forming a protective wall?

Staphylococcus aureus Protein A

What is the protein in Staphylococcus aureus that grabs antibodies and turns them backwards causing impairment?

Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins

What is the toxin in Staphylococcus aureus that causes food poisoning?

Staphylococcus aureus TSST-1

What is the toxin in Staphylococcus aureus that causes toxic shock syndrome?

Bacillus subtilis

What specimen appears like chicken noodles, blue-purple, rod-shaped with peritrichous flagella?

Bacillus subtilis Endospore

What is the name and function of the highly durable dehydrated cell that allows Bacillus subtilis to survive extreme conditions?

Bacillus subtilis Periplasmic space

What is the space between the cell membrane and cell wall in Bacillus subtilis that contains proteins and enzymes?

Bacillus subtilis Flagella

What is the name and function of the hair-like tails arranged all around Bacillus subtilis that help it swim?

Bacillus subtilis Pili

What is the name and function of the short hair-like protein projections in Bacillus subtilis that attach to surfaces?

Bacillus subtilis Plasmid

What is the name and function of the small circular piece of DNA in Bacillus subtilis that carries potential resistances?

Bacillus subtilis Cell wall

What is the name and function of the thick peptidoglycan layer that gives Bacillus subtilis its shape?

Escherichia coli

What specimen appears pink, rod-shaped with peritrichous flagella under the microscope?

Escherichia coli Peritrichous flagella

What is the arrangement of flagella in Escherichia coli where multiple flagella are randomly distributed?

Vibrio sp.

What specimen appears pink, comma-shaped with monotrichous flagella under the microscope?

Vibrio sp. Monotrichous flagella

What is the arrangement of flagella in Vibrio sp. where a single flagellum extends from one end?

Coenocytic hyphae

What is the name and function of hyphae that lack cross-walls forming one long continuous cell?

Septate hyphae

What is the name and function of hyphae divided into compartments called septa?

Rhizoids

What is the name and function of the root-like structures in Rhizopus that anchor it and absorb nutrients?

Stolons

What is the name and function of the horizontal hyphae in Rhizopus?

Mycelium

What is the name and function of the root-like network of a fungus made up of hyphae that absorbs nutrients?

Saprotrophic organisms

What are organisms that feed on organic dead matter like Penicillium and Aspergillus?

Opportunistic pathogen

What do you call microorganisms that do not make healthy people sick but cause harm when the body is weak?

Gram-positive

What Gram stain result appears purple/blue indicating a thick peptidoglycan cell wall?

Gram-negative

What Gram stain result appears pink/red indicating a thin peptidoglycan cell wall?

Coagulase positive

What coagulase test result shows clumping indicating conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin forming a blood clot?

Coagulase negative

What coagulase test result shows no clumping indicating no blood clot formation?

Catalase positive

What catalase test result shows bubbling indicating conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen?

Catalase negative

What catalase test result shows no bubbling indicating no oxygen production?

Facultative anaerobe

What oxygen requirement means the organism is OK with or without oxygen but prefers oxygen?

Obligate aerobe

What oxygen requirement means the organism needs oxygen to survive?

Obligate anaerobe

What oxygen requirement means the organism cannot survive in oxygen?

Microaerophile

What oxygen requirement means the organism requires lower oxygen concentrations?

Aerotolerant anaerobe

What oxygen requirement means the organism does not use oxygen but can tolerate it?

Motile

What term describes organisms that can move on their own?

Non-motile

What term describes organisms that cannot move on their own?

Spore-forming

What term describes organisms that can form spores?

Non-spore-forming

What term describes organisms that cannot form spores?