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When treating a potentially hostile patient…
asses safety of the situation
dont assume aggressive posture
eye contact but dont stare
speak calm and confident and slow
never threaten
When interviewing a patient…
no false hope
no leading or biased questions
no unsolicited advice
no talking too much
no interrupting
no whys
no professional jargon
dont use authoritative language
Behavioral Stairway Model
actively listen
display empathy
build rapport
exert influence
institute behavior change
6 functions of PCR
Continuity of care
legal documentation
Administrative information
reimbursement
education
data collection for CQI
CHART Method
CC
History
Assessment
(Rx) Treatment
Transport
SOAP method
Subjective- what the patient reports (events, MOI, history)
Objective- measured things during assessment that you find
Assessment- summarize key findings
Plan- treatment provided
HIE
Health Info Exchanges
SAFR frame
Search- ems can search hospital records for treatment and transport decisions
Alert- tell the hospital ur coming
File- data in the PCR are incorporated into medical records
reconcile- feedback on patient outcomes is sent to EMS for CQI
What do you do if you find an error in documentation?
cross out with a single line, initial it, then put in right info next to it.
What if you discover an error after documentation has been submitted?
Begin a new section starting with “ addendum” add new info then add date and initial.
Documenting refusals
document any assessment/treatment that happened
patient must sign a refusal
witness must sign the refusal too
Special reporting situations
GSW
Dog bites
Infectious diseases
sexual abuse
Multiple Casualty Incident (MCI)
Base Station
Located in a fixed space, Includes:
base station
two way radio
dedicated line/hotline
specific point to point
Repeater-Based systems hit
Mobile and portable radios
used to contact dispatch and medical control, another unit
Mobile radio is the one in the ambulance
portable are the handheld ones (essential at scene of MCI)
Repeater-Based systems hit
receives on one frequency and automatically sends to a second
allows two mobile or portable units to communicate
Digital equipment
telemetry takes electronic signals into a coded audible signal
can also be used for paging and tone alerts
Simplex
push to talk release to listen
duplex
simultaneously talk and listen
Who regulates all radio operations in the USA
Federal communications Commision
what info does the dispatch give?
Nature and severity
location
Number of patients
If any other agencies responded
special directions
time of dispatch
what should EMT do upon arrival at the scene?
Tell dispatch you have arrived and provide any scene size up details you need to
Patient report to medical control
unit and identification
any special alert (ex. trauma)
ETA to hospital
Patients age and gender
CC
History
Physical findings
sum of patient care
sum of how patient responded
determine if that facility has any additional questions or orders
You may have to call medical control for…
Administration of certain medications or treatments
Determining transport destination
Stopping treatment or not transporting patient
Notify medical control of any disaster like…
Hazardous material to identify any special needs the patient might have
Rescues in Progress
MCI give estimated number of patients