FISH LAB 1

Myxini, Myxiniformes, Myxinidae

Hagfish

Myxini, Myxiniformes, Myxinidae

dorsal fin absent, barbels present around biting mouth, teeth only on tongue

Petromyzontida, Petromyzontiformes, Petromyzontidae

Lamprey

Petromyzontida, Petromyzontiformes, Petromyzontidae

cylindrical shape, no jaws, disc-shaped mouth lined with teeth, seven pore-like gill openings, no paired fins

Chondrichthyes, Chimaeriformes, Chimaeridae

Ratfishes

Chondrichthyes, Chimaeriformes, Chimaeridae

blunt snout, no scales, large spine in front of dorsal fin, prominent lateral line

Chondrichthyes, Orectolobiformes, Ginglymostomatidae

Nurse sharks

Chondrichthyes, Orectolobiformes, Ginglymostomatidae

mouth near tip of snout has nasal barbels on either side, first and second dorsal and fins are broadly rounded, second dorsal fin is slightly smaller than the first, caudal fin is more than 1/4 of the animal's total length

Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes, Scyliorhinidae

Carsharks

Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes, Scyliorhinidae

small shark with rounded snout, elongated catlike eyes situated high on the side of its head, large spiracles, five pairs of gill slits

Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes, Carcharhinidae

Requiem Sharks

Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes, Carcharhinidae

five gill slits --> last one is behind the pectoral fin, small to large sharks with round eyes, no nasoral grooves or barbels, no spiracles, teeth bladelike with no cusp.

Chondrichthyes Carcharhiniformes, Sphyrnidae

Hammerhead shark

Chondrichthyes Carcharhiniformes, Sphyrnidae

head laterally expanded, with eyes and nasal openings much wider set than in other sharks

Chondrichthyes Squaliformes, Squalidae

Dogfish sharks

Chondrichthyes Squaliformes, Squalidae

both dorsal fins with spines; teeth on lower jaw about equal in size to those on upper jaw; no anal fin; lower nictitating eyelid absent

Chondrichthyes Torpediniformes Narcinidae

Numbfishes

Chondrichthyes Torpediniformes Narcinidae

Disc rounded anteriorly; head equipped with electric organs,developed from branchial muscles; eyes small; rostrum broad; deep groove aroundmouth; usually 2 dorsal fins; caudal fin well developed

Chondrichthyes Rajiformes Rhinobatidae

Guitarfishes

Chondrichthyes Rajiformes Rhinobatidae

Body form is intermediate between that of a shark and a skate. Also called shovelnosesharks. Numerous small, blunt teeth in jaws. Two large dorsal fins; origin of first dorsal behind pelvic fins; caudal fin well developed. Denticles (sharp, tooth-like scales)arranged in a row on dorsal midline. No spine in tail

Chondrichthyes Rajiformes Rajidae

skates

Chondrichthyes Rajiformes Rajidae

Five pairs of ventral gill slits. Tail very slender,with lateral folds, usually 2 reduced dorsal fins and a reduced caudal fin. Skin prickly inmost species, the prickles often in a row along midline of dorsal.

Chondrichthyes Myliobatiformes Dasyatidae

Whiptail Stingrays

Chondrichthyes Myliobatiformes Dasyatidae

A well-formed oval,circular or rhombic disc that fully incorporates head; gill slits 5; oral papillae usuallypresent on floor of mouth; tail moderately stout to slender-based, more or less elongated(sometimes very elongate and whip-like); dorsal surface variably covered with dermaldenticles, thorns and/or tubercles, smooth to very spiny, often with a median thorn rowand/or a median denticle band; absence of dorsal or caudal fins; prominent caudalstingers 1-4, on tail well posterior to pelvic fins

Chondrichthyes Myliobatiformes Potamotrygonidae

River stingrays

Chondrichthyes Myliobatiformes Potamotrygonidae

River stingrays are almost circular in shape, and the upper surfaceis covered with denticles

Chondrichthyes Myliobatiformes Gymnuridae

Butterfly rays

Chondrichthyes Myliobatiformes Gymnuridae

Their pectoral fins form a disc that is much broader than it is long, forming "wings". Thehead is even with the disc rather than elevated, giving the fish a very flat appearance fromthe side view. The eyes are located on the sides of the top of the head, with the spiracles(respiratory openings) close behind the eyes. Their dorsal fins, if present, are small. Theylack anal fins, and rather than a caudal fin they may have low dorsal and ventral ridges onthe tail. The slender tail is much shorter than the disc. Some butterfly rays have a stingingspine behind the pelvic fins

Chondrichthyes Myliobatiformes Myliobatidae

Eagle Rays

Chondrichthyes Myliobatiformes Myliobatidae

Large, heavy-bodied fishes with winglike pectoral fins forming a disc that ismuch wider than it is long. The tail is much longer than the disc, has a filamentous end,and in many species bears one or more serrated stinging spines near its base, close behind the pelvic fins. Moderately large dorsal fin over or just behind the pelvic fins, a very small or absent caudal fin, eyes lateral on the head, and two spiracles on top of the headjust behind the eyes

Sarcopterygii Certodontiformes Protopteridae

African lungfish

Sarcopterygii Certodontiformes Protopteridae

elongated, eel-like fishes withthread-like pectoral and pelvic fins. They have soft scales, and the dorsal and tail fins arefused into a single structure