Geo 1. U1 Geographical concepts

exam rev

Change

refers to the alteration in the environment or society over time, influenced by natural or human factors.

Distance

measured in absolute (linear measured in units like metres/kms) or relative (other factors such as length of travel time, cost, inconvenience, psychological distance eg: the length of time it takes to travel from one location to another)

Distribution

the arrangement of phenomena in space or time (eg: vegetation type, population numbers across a region, or types of land uses)

Environment

comprises the living and non-living physical elements and social conditions of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere

Interconnection

… emphasises that no object of geographical study can be viewed in isolation (eg:the relationships and interactions between different elements in a system, such as how humans, the environment, and climate change influence one another)

Movement

is the change or expansion in location of one or more phenomena from its original location to a new location

Place

are parts of the Earth’s surface that are identified and given meaning by people. (eg: places can be defined by their physical characteristics, cultural significance, and human interactions that shape their identity.)

Process

an identifiable series of actions or steps leading to change or preservation of phenomena (eg: the natural processes such as erosion, weathering, and biological activity that shape the landscape.)

Region

a definable area of the Earth’s surface that contains one or more common characteristics that distinguish it from neighbouring areas. (eg: , the intertidal region of a coastal place, a suburb such as Frankston (local), Gippsland (within a state), the Australian Alps of Victoria and New South Wales (within a country))

Scale

Map scale shows the relationship between measurements on a map and the actual measurements on the ground. Observational scale is conceptual and refers to the relative size of phenomena and to the size of the area or areas being studied – local, regional, national, international and global.

Spatial association

is the degree to which two or more phenomena are similarly arranged over space. (eg: the distribution of high altitude and vegetation communities such as alpine tundra)

Sustainability

is the capacity of the environment to continue to support life.