Chemistry-group 1 alkalis

Topic 2a

Why are Group 1 elements considered a family of elements?

All alkali metals

What happens when Group 1 metals react with water?

They react vigorously to form an alkaline solution and hydrogen gas.

What oxide is formed when Group 1 metals react with air?

A metal oxide is formed (e.g., lithium oxide, sodium oxide, etc.).

How does reactivity change as you go down Group 1?

Reactivity increases from lithium to potassium

Describe lithium’s reaction with water.

It fizzes steadily

Describe sodium’s reaction with water.

It melts into a ball and fizzes quickly.

Describe potassium’s reaction with water.

It gives off sparks and the hydrogen produced burns with a lilac flame

How can you predict the reactivity of other Group 1 metals using trends?

By noting that reactivity increases down the group, you can predict that metals below potassium (like rubidium and cesium) react even more vigorously.

Why does reactivity increase down Group 1 in terms of electron configuration?

More electron shells mean more shielding and weaker attraction between the nucleus and outer electron, making it easier to lose the outer electron.

What happens to the outer electron as you go down Group 1?

It becomes easier to lose due to increased shielding and distance from the nucleus.