Physical Fitness and Energy Systems (Video Notes)

Flashcards covering definitions and concepts from the video notes on physical fitness, health-related and skills-related components, domains of physical activity, exercise definitions, energy systems, strengthening activities, and barriers.

What is physical fitness?

A person free from illnesses who can perform physical or sports activities and still has extra energy; a combination of health fitness and body fitness.

What is health fitness?

The body’s ability to fight off diseases.

What is body fitness?

The ability to do strenuous physical or sports activities without getting tired easily.

Why should lifestyle and daily food be considered in physical fitness?

Because daily food and lifestyle choices can influence health and fitness.

What is health-related fitness?

Fitness primarily associated with disease prevention and functional health.

Name the five health-related fitness components.

Body composition; cardiovascular endurance; flexibility; muscular endurance; muscular strength.

Define body composition.

The combination of tissues that make up the body such as bones, muscles, organs and body fat.

Define cardiovascular endurance.

The ability of the heart, lungs, blood vessels, and blood to work efficiently and to supply the body with oxygen.

Define flexibility.

The ability to use your joints fully through a wide range of motion.

Define muscular endurance.

The ability to use muscles for a long period of time without tiring.

Define muscular strength.

The ability of the muscles to lift a heavy weight or exert a lot of force one time.

List the six skills-related fitness components.

Agility; Balance; Coordination; Power; Reaction Time; Speed.

Define agility.

The ability to change body positions quickly and keep the body under control when moving.

Define balance.

The ability to keep the body in a steady position while standing and moving.

Define coordination.

The ability of the body parts to work together when you perform an activity.

Define power.

The ability to combine strength with speed while moving.

Define reaction time.

The ability to move quickly once a signal to start moving is received.

Define speed.

The ability to move all or a part of the body quickly.

What is physical activity?

Activities done by the skeletal muscles that utilize energy; activities you are doing at home or in school.

Into how many domains is physical activity classified?

Four: occupational, domestic, transportation, and leisure time.

Give an occupational activity example.

Lifting computers and books, going to a friend’s desk, or preparing lunch at the pantry.

Give a domestic activity example.

Washing clothes and dishes, gardening, carpentry, baking or cleaning the house.

Give a transportation activity example.

Riding a jeepney, tricycle, motorcycle, or bikes.

Give a leisure time activity example.

Playing, swimming, hiking or craft making.

How does Buckworth and Dishman define exercise?

The planned, structured, repetitive bodily movements that someone engages in for the purpose of improving or maintaining physical fitness or health.

What are aerobic activities also called?

Endurance activities.

What do aerobic activities involve?

Movement of large muscles in a rhythmic manner for a sustained period.

Which energy system is used predominantly by aerobic activities?

The aerobic energy system.

How long can the aerobic energy system last?

From two minutes to a few hours.

Does the aerobic energy system require oxygen?

Yes; it requires oxygen and does not produce lactic acid since oxygen is available.

What is the ATP-CP energy system also known as?

A-Lactic (ATP-CP) energy system.

Does the ATP-CP energy system require oxygen?

No; it is anaerobic.

Give examples of activities that utilize the ATP-CP energy system.

Shot put, weight lifting, and the 100-meter sprint.

When does the anaerobic lactic energy system kick in?

When an athlete exceeds ten seconds while sprinting.

What is another name for the anaerobic lactic energy system?

Glycolytic energy system.

How long can the anaerobic lactic system supply energy?

From ten seconds to two minutes.

What happens in the body during the anaerobic lactic energy system?

Lactic acid builds up in blood and muscle cells; shortness of breath; burning sensation in muscles.

Does the anaerobic lactic system require oxygen?

No; it is anaerobic.

Which energy system is dominant for most sports?

The aerobic energy system.

Name examples of activities that rely on the aerobic energy system.

Long-distance swimming, running, basketball, soccer, futsal.

What is muscle-strengthening activity?

Resistance training and lifting weights; causes the muscles to work against an applied force or weight.

What is bone-strengthening activity?

Weight-bearing or weight-loading activity that produces a force on the bones that promotes bone growth and strength.

List some barriers to physical activities.

Lack of time; Social support; Lack of energy; Lack of motivation; Fear of injury; Lack of skill; High costs and lack of facilities; Weather conditions.

Name a common barrier to physical activity.

Lack of time.