Iran: A Study of Political Dynamics

These flashcards cover key concepts, events, and figures regarding Iran's political history, ideology, and governance.

Islamism

A political ideology that advocates for the implementation of Islamic law and principles in governance.

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

The religious leader who played a key role in the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and established the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Theocracy

A form of government in which a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, with religious leaders acting as the representatives of that ruler.

Shiism

A branch of Islam that holds that Muhammad’s successor should be chosen from his family, specifically his cousin and son-in-law Ali.

Velayat-e faqih

The Islamic principle of governance proposed by Khomeini that suggests clerical rule should reign in place of the sovereignty of the people.

The Guardian Council

A body that monitors elections and legislation in Iran to ensure compatibility with Islamic law and the constitution.

SAVAK

The secret police of Iran under the Pahlavi dynasty, known for its brutality and repression of dissent.

White Revolution

A series of reforms launched by Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in the 1960s aimed at modernization and westernization.

Islamic Republic

The political system established in Iran post-1979 revolution, characterized by a mix of religious authority and republican elements.

Operation Ajax

The covert operation by the CIA and British intelligence that led to the overthrow of Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddeq in 1953.

Civic life

The participation of citizens in the political, social, and cultural life of their community.

Constitutional Revolution

A movement in early 20th century Iran aimed at establishing a constitutional monarchy and limiting the powers of the monarch.

Democracy

A form of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.

Reformists vs. Conservatives

The ongoing political struggle in Iran between those advocating for liberal reforms and those wanting to maintain traditional, conservative policies.

Mahsa Amini

A young woman whose death while in custody sparked massive protests against the Iranian regime in 2022.