A&P Dr. Boros TTU Exam 1 Review

Flashcards covering key anatomy and physiology concepts, muscle functions, and structural classifications from Dr. Boros Exam 1 review.

What is the primary component of connective tissue?

Extracellular Matrix

Movement of the hip joint around a vertical axis produces which action?

Lateral rotation

What type of connective tissue composes tendons?

Dense regular connective tissue

Rotation of the forearm such that the palm faces UP is known as what movement?

Supination

Movement of the elbow joint around a horizontal axis produces which action?

Flexion

Which abdominal muscle features fibers that run vertically?

Rectus abdominis

Which connective tissue wrapping surrounds the whole (entire) muscle?

Epimysium

Which is the most superficial abdominal muscle?

External oblique

What cell type in cartilage dissolves the cartilage matrix?

Chondroclast

What structure(s) provide primary shock absorption at the knee joint?

Menisci

Which statement accurately describes endochondral ossification?

It begins with a cartilage model

What primary movement is performed by muscles of the vertebral column?

Extend

Which type of cartilage is best suited for shock-absorption?

Fibrocartilage

What is the action of the plantar foot muscles?

Flex the toes

Anterior forearm muscles that insert on the carpal bones perform what action?

Flex the wrist

Which type of cell produces new bone?

Osteoblast

How does joint strength relate to stability and mobility?

The stronger the joint, the more stable and less mobile it is.

Calcium is stored in which muscle cell organelle?

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

What is the action of the orbicularis oculi?

Closes the eye

Which statement best describes what the triceps brachii can do?

Extends the arm and forearm (shoulder & elbow)

In directional terms, the abdomen is _____ to the gluteal region and _____ to the cervical region.

Ventral, caudal (or anterior, inferior)

Which joints are classified as ball and socket joints?

Shoulder and Hip joints

The temporalis is a muscle of which function?

Mastication

What characteristics define an osteon?

It is the basic unit of compact bone, contains blood vessels, is composed of concentric lamellae of bone, and contains osteocytes.

Which statement regarding synovial joints is FALSE?

They are stronger than immoveable joints

The nerve's action potential is distributed deep into the muscle fiber by what structure?

Transverse tubules