OT final

Peterson

931

The division of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel during the reign of Rehoboam

745

Assyrian ruler, Tiglath-pileser III comes to the throne (dies 727/6 BC)

734

The beginning of the Syro-Ephraimite war

722

The Northern Kingdom of Israel went into exile at the hands of the Assyrians

701

Assyrian king, Sennacherib lays siege to Jerusalem during Hezekiah's reign

612

The sacking of Nineveh by Babylonian ruler, Nabopolassar and the Medes

609

The Battle of Haran and the death of Josiah at the hands of Pharaoh Necho

605

The Battle of Carchemish: The end of Assyria and the defeat of Egypt by Babylon

604

The first exile of Judah by Babylon: Daniel goes into exile (among others)

597

The second exile of Judah by Babylon: Ezekiel, Jehoiachin, and others go to Babylon

586

The third exile of Judah by Babylon: Complete destruction of Jerusalem and temple

562

the death of Nebuchadnezzar

538

The decree of Cyrus for the Jews to return to Judah after the exile: first return

516

The completion of the temple in the post-exilic period

458

The second return of the Jews under Ezra: Focus is on the teaching of the Law

445

Third return of the Jews under Nehemiah: Focus on the rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls

164

The death of Antiochus Epiphanes IV: The persecutor of the Jews in Daniel 11

63

Fall of Jerusalem to Roman general, Pompey

1 Kings 18

God sends fire, then rain, destroying Baal prophets on Mt. Caramel

2 Kings 18-20

Hezekiah's Reign & Sennacherib

Isaiah 6

Isaiah's call narrative

Isaiah 53

Isaiah speaks of the Messiah; sufferings described; transgressions

Jeremiah 29

Jeremiah's letter to the exiles; exile will be long

Ezekiel 16 and 23

Two extended metaphors

Ezekiel 37

The valley of dry bones

Ezekiel 38-39

People worry about being judged in their final moments & God's

Hosea 1-3

Hosea's marriage w a prostitute

Joel 2

A promise for the spirit & restoration of God's people/ Pentecost

Micah 5:2

Where the Messiah will be born

Micah 6:8

"To act justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God."

Job 1-2

Satan attacking Job's health & Job's friends question him

Job 38-41

The Lord speaks to Job; or Yahweh responds

Job 42:5

Perspective change for Job; better man because of suffering

Proverbs 8

Focus on Lady wisdom

Ecclesiastes 3

A time for everything

2 Chronicles 7:14

Call upon the Lord & repent your sins

Rhetorical Criticism

analyzes the symbolic artifacts of discourse--the words, the phrases,

Canonical Criticism (Brevard Childs)

the literary approach championed by Brevard that focused on the final form of the book & its placement in canon

form criticism (Hermann Gunkel)

the method of biblical historical criticism that attempts to determine the forms & patterned literacy units used to compose the biblical text & to

Inclusio

a literacy pattern where the parts of the literacy passage or unit begins & ends with the same term or motif

Chiasmus

a literacy pattern where the parts of the literacy unit are inverted; X pattern

Acrostic

poetic device in which the consecutive lines or stanzas of a poem begin with the consecutive letters of the Hebrew alphabet

Bicolon

a pair of adjacent lines of poetry in which the second echoes the meaning of the first

Tanakh

the term for the Hebrew scriptures, formed from the initial letters of the 3 parts of the hebrew canon: Torah, Nevi'im, Kethrivim

Hagiographa

type of biography that puts the subject in a very flattering light; often are about saints; the 2 halves refer to holiness in the writing

Canticles

a hymn or a chant, typically within a biblical text, forming regular part of a church service; another name for song of songs

Adonijah

fourth son of King David

Abishag

David's servant

Nathan

the one who confronted David on his affair with Bathsheba

Omri

establishes dominance & builds Samaria; 6th king of Judah

Ahab

Omri's son is king; Elijah challenges Baal on his own turf

Jeroboam

First king of Northern Kingdom of Israel after the revolt of 10 North. King. tribes against Rehoboam that put an end to the united monarchy

Jezebel

Incited her husband: King Ahab to abandon the worship of Yahweh & encourage worship of the deities: Baal & Asherah; She persecuted the prophets of God; Had a gruesome death

Jehu

noted for exterminating the house of Ahab at the instruction of Jehovah; son of Jehoshaphat, & the grandson of Nimshi

Tiglath pileser III

Seized the Assyrian throne during a civil war & killed the royal family; made sweeping changes to the Assyrian government, considerably improving its efficiency & security; The Assyrian army, already the greatest fighting force in the world since the time of Ashur Uballit

Sennacherib

laid siege to Jerusalem

Hezekiah

King of Judah in 720; was king while sennacherib invaded Israel; restored worship of Yahweh

Manasseh

Evilest king; king of judah 698-643; son of Hezekiah; undid everything Hezekiah did; caused God's wrath; captured & taken to Assyria

Josiah

Moved into the power vacuum as Assyria declined; tried stopping Pharaoh Necho; king of judah 640-609; last reforming Judah king; killed at Megiddo in 609

Pharaoh Necho

killed Josiah in 609; aided Assyria against babylon

Jehoiachin

King of Judah; Nebuchadnezzar attacked during his reign; deported to Babylon

Zedekiah

weak king of Judah; witnessed son's death before plucking of his eyes because of rebelling

Nebuchadnezzar

king of babylon; ended assyrian reign for good; conquered both Judah and Jerusalem; destruction of the first temple

Antiochus Epiphanes IV

ruler of syria 175-164; persecuted the jews; maccabees Hanukkah came from cleansing his reign

Tobias and Sanballat

Enemies of the Jews who made several attempts to stop Nehemiah from building the walls

Mordecai

Saul's descendant who is at odds with Haman; Esther's uncle

Haman

tries to have Jews killed on a trumped up charge of disloyalty to the empire; Tries to kill Esther

Maccabees

rebel army/historic family of the Jews defeated the Greeks

David and Jeroboam

The two kings the northern and southern kingdoms are measured by

The Common Pattern in Kings

"He did what was evil/right in the sight of the Lord"

Judah

Southern Kingdom, capital Jerusalem

Israel

Northern Kingdom, capital Samaria

1 and 2 Kings

span 400 years, authorship traditionally given to: Jeremiah

Deuteronimistic History

Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings, these\=the Hebrew Former Prophets

Kings

this book seeks to prove the word of the prophets comes true

Solomon's downfall

Deut 17:14-20 (note his multiplying of horse, wives, gold etc.)

Rival Religion in Israel

Jeroboam I\=Calf worship in Dan and Bethel

paradigms of the divided monarchy Omri

1. Ahab; Ahaziah vs. David; Solomon; Rehoboam
2. Elijah, Mt. Carmel, prophets of Baal, Jezebel, Horeb=Mt. Sina

Elisha's double portion

Rights of the firstborn or twice as many miracles

Prophetic Pattern Pre-8th Century

God-prophet-king-people

Prophetic Pattern Post-8th Century

God-prophet-people

Major Prophets

Isaiah, Jeremiah (priest), Ezekiel (priest)

Minor Prophets

the book of the twelve

Foretelling

the declaration of distant future events

Forthtelling

declaration on near future events

Other names for Prophet

Seer, Watchman, Man of God, Messenger of YHWH

Jeremiah

Lamentations Author. Fits his historical setting; He saw the destruction of the city; the language reflects him; both have a weeping tone

city, king, temple

Lamentations Laments loss of...

Ezekiel, Daniel

Babylonian Prophets/Writers

Babylon

New York city (of that time)

Jeremiah in Jerusalem

Message surrender to Babylon

Ezekiel's Message

why are we in exile, it will be long

Prophecy vs. Apocalyptic

linear vs. in breaking of God to do away with history

Characteristics of Apocalyptic

Came out of persecution, Symbolic, numbers prevalent, heavenly journey, Visions, Interpreting angel, Sealed for future days, Pseudonymous, History is packaged

Two grids for interpreting the image of Daniel 2

Babylon, Persia, Greece, Rome etc.

Hosea

Marry an unfaithful woman; Baal worship

Joel

Locust plague (figurative vs. literal), Pentecost

Amos

Social Justice, vinedresser and shepherd

Obadiah

Edom bad

Jonah

Nineveh repents, allegory or real?