Computer Science

Computer Hardware: Storage Devices

What is meant by Primary Storage?

Primary storage is directly accessed by the CPU

Three examples of primary storage

1. Random Access Memory (RAM)
2. Read-Only Memory (ROM)
3. Cache Memory

State what data or information would be stored on the ROM chip

**Answer:**

ROM is non-volatile memory used to store permanent data that cannot be modified. It stores firmware, BIOS, and other system software required to boot up a device. It can also store calibration and lookup tables and other reference data.

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State what data or information would be stored on the RAM chip

RAM stores data used by the CPU, including the OS, apps, and current data. It's volatile, so it loses contents when the computer is turned off or restarted.

Describe the operation of SRAM

SRAM is a type of computer memory that stores data using flip-flops in a matrix of rows and columns. To read or write data, the memory controller activates the corresponding row and column lines. SRAM is faster and more expensive than DRAM but does not require refreshing. It is ideal for use in cache memory and other applications where speed is critical.

Describe the operation of DRAM

DRAM is a computer memory that stores data in capacitors within an integrated circuit. It needs to be constantly refreshed with an electrical charge to maintain its state. When the computer needs to access data stored in DRAM, it sends an address to the memory controller, which activates the corresponding capacitor and reads the data. DRAM is widely used due to its high density and low cost, but it is slower and less reliable than other types of memory.

What is a solid-state drive

A solid-state drive (SSD) is a type of storage device that uses NAND-based flash memory to store data. Unlike traditional hard disk drives (HDDs), SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster, more reliable, and less prone to mechanical failure. SSDs are commonly used in laptops, desktops, and servers as a primary storage device.

What is meant by magnetic drive

A magnetic drive is a type of pump that uses a magnetic field to transfer torque from the motor to the pump. This eliminates the need for a physical connection between the motor and the pump, which can prevent leaks and other issues. Magnetic drives are often used in chemical processing and other industries where leaks can be dangerous or costly.

What is meant by an optical drive

An optical drive is a type of computer hardware that uses a laser to read and write data on optical discs such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs.