History and Evolution of Family and Consumer Sciences

Flashcards based on lecture notes for exam preparation.

What is the Morrill Act?

1862 law establishing public colleges for common families.

What are Land-Grant Colleges?

Institutions receiving land to educate common people.

What is Domestic Science?

Field focusing on home management and family welfare.

Who is Jane Addams?

Pioneer in social work and FACS development.

Who is Catherine Beecher?

Advocate for women's education in domestic sciences.

Who is Ellen Richards?

First female graduate of MIT, FACS founder.

What is Food Safety?

Practices ensuring food is safe for consumption.

What is Financial Management?

Planning and controlling financial resources effectively.

What is Cooperative Extension?

Public education programs from Land Grant institutions.

What is the Smith-Lever Act?

1914 law expanding Land Grant mission to public education.

What is 4-H Youth Development?

Youth program promoting hands-on learning in agriculture.

What is Human Development?

Study of psychological and physical growth in individuals.

When was FACS established at UGA?

1919

Who is Creswell?

First home economics graduate from UGA.

When was Dawson Hall built?

1933, funded by Dr. Dawson.

When was the Child Development Center established, and who was the first director?

1940, first director was McPhaul.

Who is Lynda Henley Walter?

First PhD awarded in child and family development.

What is Certified Family Life Educator?

Educator specializing in family dynamics.

What is Birth to Kindergarten Teaching Certification?

Certification for teaching early childhood education.

What are the Roles families play in society and individual lives called?

Family Functions

What is meant by Economic Support?

Families provide financial and practical assistance.

What does Emotional Security refer to?

Families offer support and stability to members.

What are Community-Based Social Services?

Services like adoption and counseling for families.

What services are there for for family health and prenatal care?

Services supporting family health and prenatal care.

What does Cohabitation refer to?

Acceptable family form and transitional lifestyle choice.

What is meant by Fertility Decline?

Decrease in birth rates over recent decades.

What is the current Nonmarital Birth Rate in the US?

40% of US births are to unmarried mothers.

What is the Family Change Perspective?

Family evolves historically as a social construct.

What do Biological Technologies refer to?

Innovations affecting family creation and planning.

What is the significance of The Birth Control Pill?

1960s invention preventing unwanted pregnancies.

What do Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ART) do?

Facilitates family creation for various demographics.

What does Social Institution refer to?

Patterned behaviors serving vital social functions.

What impact does Egg/Sperm Freezing have?

Allows delay of parenthood for personal reasons.

What does DNA Testing do?

Identifies genetic relationships before birth.

What do Communication Technologies provide?

Enhances family support and connection globally.

What impact do Economic Conditions have?

Income growth masks increasing economic inequality.

What is the impact of Longer life spans?

Longer life spans impact education and family dynamics.

Who are the Baby Boomers?

Individuals born 1946-1964, now in their 60s-70s.

What impact does the Digital Divide have?

Access disparity affects family communication and support.

What do Family Obligations refer to?

Diverse views on responsibilities to family and society.

What is Family Policy?

Procedures affecting family functions and support.

What are the views of the Family Systems Theory?

Views family members as interconnected within a system.

What is the definition of Cohesion?

Degree of closeness among family members.

What is Enmeshment?

Extreme closeness in family relationships.

What is Disengagement?

Lack of closeness in family relationships.

What is Triangulation?

Three-person relationship excluding one member.

What does Conflict Theory analyze?

Analyzes power dynamics within family structures.

What is Patriarchy?

Male dominance prevalent in societies and cultures.

What is the focus of Family Ecology Perspective?

Framework analyzing individual influences and contexts.

What is the Microsystem?

Immediate environment affecting individual behavior.

What is the Mesosystem?

Interactions between different microsystems.

What is the Exosystem?

External environmental settings impacting individual indirectly.

What is the Macrosystem?

Cultural and societal influences on individual development.

What does the Family Life Course Development framework focus on?

Focus on transitions across life stages.

What is a Developmental Task?

Challenges individuals face at different life stages.

What are 'On-time' transitions?

Life events occurring as expected by society.

What are Off-time transitions?

Life events occurring outside societal expectations.

What is the Social Exchange Framework?

Decision-making based on perceived costs and benefits.

What is the Principle of Least Interest?

Less committed partner holds more power.

What is the Symbolic Interaction Framework?

Meaning derived from interactions within families.

What is Gender Identity?

Self-awareness of being masculine or feminine.

What does cisgender mean?

Gender identity aligns with assigned sex at birth.

What are Gender Expectations?

Societal attitudes linked to sex assignment.

What does Intersexed mean?

Individuals with ambiguous genital anatomy.

What is a Transsexual?

Identifies with gender different from assigned sex.

What is a Transgender?

Uncomfortable with assigned gender at birth.

What is Gender Bending?

Challenging traditional gender norms.

What is Gender Differentiation?

Cultural expectations of male and female behavior.

What do Masculinities refer to?

Cultural obligations for men regarding leadership and provision.

What do Femininities refer to?

Expectations for women regarding emotional support and appearance.

What is Bifurcated Consciousness?

Divided perception of caregiving versus career success.

What is Dramaturgy?

Enacting socially prescribed roles in public.

What is Doing Gender?

Following societal expectations of gender behavior.

What is Gender Socialization?

Process of internalizing societal gender attitudes.

What is Social Learning Theory?

Gender roles taught through social interactions.

What is Gender Schema Theory?

Cognitive framework for interpreting gender behaviors.

What is Sexual Orientation?

Gender of whom one is sexually attracted.

Who are Heterosexuals?

Attracted to opposite-sex partners.

Who are Homosexuals?

Attracted to same-sex partners.

Who are Bisexuals?

Attracted to both sexes.

Who are Pansexuals?

Attracted to various gender expressions.

What does Asexual mean?

Lacks sexual attraction to others.

What is Sexual Identity?

Self-identification regarding sexual orientation.

What is Sexual Revolution?

1960s movement promoting sexual freedom and pleasure.

What is Heterosexism?

Belief system favoring heterosexual relationships.

What are Microaggressions?

Subtle insults experienced by marginalized groups.

What is Emotional Infidelity?

Betrayal through emotional connection with another.

What is Sexual Infidelity?

Betrayal through sexual relations outside a partnership.

What does Commitment refer to?

Willingness to invest in and maintain a relationship.

What is meant by Intimacy in Sternberg's Triangular Theory?

Close, connected feelings in a relationship.

What is the function of Passion?

Drives leading to romance and physical attraction.

What does Consummate Love involve?

Complete love involving intimacy, passion, and commitment.

What is the purpose of Sexism?

Discrimination based on gender.

What is Mate Selection?

Choosing a committed partner through complex processes.

What is the Marriage Market?

Individuals bargain for partners based on resources.

What are Arranged Marriages?

Families negotiate based on status and assets.

What is assortative Mating?

Filtering potential partners based on similarities.

What is Endogamy?

Marrying within one's social group.

What is Exogamy?

Marrying outside one's social group.

What is Heterogamy?

Choosing partners dissimilar in key attributes.