Patient Care Final (ALL questions from everythingg)

Emotional intelligence

The ability to evaluate, perceive and control

emotions.

First level of Maslows Hierarchy

Survival mode.

PHYSIOLOGICAL LEVEL - breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion

Second level of Maslows Hierarchy

SAFETY- security of body, of employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property

Third level of Maslows Hierarchy

LOVE & BELONGING - friendship, family, sexual intimacy

4th level of maslows hierarchy

ESTEEM- self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others

5th level of maslows hierarchy

SELF-ACTUALIZATION- morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts

5 stages of grief in order…

Denial and isolation

anger

bargaining

depression

acceptance

advanced directive

• may also be called a “living will” or “durable power of attorney” for healthcare

• sometimes just bc person does not want to make those decisions for themselves

three types of touch

touching for emphasis, touching for emotional support, and touching for palpation

Newborns

birth - 1 year

at 8 months- most infants express definite anxiety when removed from familiar person

at 12 months- form memories, feelings, and ideas. past experiences can trigger strong responses

• soothing voice

• swaddling

• body language

Toddlers

1 - 3 years

Preschoolers

3 - 5 years old

must see or hear something to understand

school aged children

5 to 10 years

at approx 7, begin to think logically and analyze situations

Adolescents

10 to 25 years

begins earlier for girls than for boys

treat like an adult

aging divided into 2 categories

primary and secondary aging

mutual pretense

patient, staff, and family all know but are pretending not to in hopes of avoiding conflict

subjective data

opinions - feelings - pain - attitude

objective data

fact-based, measurable, observable

Localization

defining exact and precise as possible the area of pain from chief complaint

involves carefully worded questions and touch

Chronology

duration since onset, frequency, and course of symptoms

use seconds, min, hours, days, months, years, etc. NOT SPECIFIC DATES

QUALITY

describes character of symptoms

color, consistency, size of lumps or lesions

Severity

describes intensity, quantity, or extent of the problem

intensity of pain, number of lumps or lesions, and the extent of a burn

Onset

exactly what pt was doing when incident occurred.

aggrevating or allieviating factors

anything that aggravates, alleviates, or otherwise modifies the problem

Associated Manifestations

symptoms that accompany chief complaint

Which of the following would you not want to discuss with a patient?

a. Hobbies
b. Medical chart
c. Ability to walk
d. Weather

medical chart

Questions about the diagnosis of an examination from a patient or visitor are best answered by

a. Explaining that only a radiologist can read radiographs
b. Providing the best diagnosis available
c. Explaining that the results are not available yet
d. Suggesting that the question is inappropriate

A

Which of the following characterize the development of a toddler (1 to 3 years of age)?

a. Understands simple abstractions
b. Is unable to understand more than one word for something
c. Is unable to take the viewpoint of another
d. All of the above

d

Which of the following is considered to be the first stage of acceptance of dying for a terminally ill patient?

a. Anger
b. Frustration
c. Denial and isolation
d. Shock

c

he drying patient who wants to stay alive long enough to see his son graduate from college would be in what stage of the dying process?

a. Denial
b. Depression
c. Anger
d. Bargaining

d

A dying patient who has asked to see his loved ones and is making preparations to die would be in the …. phase of grief

preparatory depression

In preparing to radiograph a patient who has come to medical imaging with a complaint of abdominal pain, you begin to question the patient as part of the history. A good initial question to ask the patient would be:

a. "Did you have any problem with parking here at the hospital?"
b. "Can you tell me about the nature of your pain?"
c. "Your request states that you have stomach pain, is that correct?"
d. "Have you seen your doctor about the pain?"

b. "Can you tell me about the nature of your pain?"

Objective data regarding a patient's history:

a. Are more important than subjective data
b. Deal with a patient's feelings
c. Consist of a patient's vital signs
d. Are an effective way to explain the patient's pain level

consist of a patients vital signs

It would be professionally appropriate for the imaging professional to:

a. Gently touch the patient to clarify the location of his or her pain
b. Touch the patient with varying degrees of pressure to measure the patient's pain tolerance over the area of interest
c. Ask the patient to give you a general idea of the area of concern before the examination is started
d. Aggressively palpate the patient on the regions that do not hurt to isolate the area of interest

c. Ask the patient to give you a general idea of the area of concern before the examination is started

What causes patients to feel lightheaded, queasy, or faint when they stand up quickly from a sitting or supine position?
- increased respiration from the effort of standing
- decreased blood pressure
- increased body temperature
- increased pulse rate

decreased blood pressure

muscles of the torso are

stability muscles

muscles of the limbs are

mobility muscles

what is biomechanics?

branch of science that applies the laws of physics

what are the four types of wheelchair transfers?

stand-by assist, assisted standing pivot, two-person lift, hydraulic lift

voluntary movement is controlled by

the PATIENT

AIR SPLINTS

usually radiolucent, used on limbs (arms)

Air is introduced to support limb

kept in place for initial imaging

traction splints

puts force on affected limb for support and alignment

used on lower extremities - often radiopaque

kept in place for initial imaging

ANTI-SHOCK GARMENTS

control internal hemorrhage

radiolucent

what is a stretchable cotton fabric in shape of a sleeve pulled over a fractured extremity before a plaster cast is applied and effective as a restraint to pull arms above the head?

stockinette

procedure used to see inside the sigmoid colon and rectum with a flexible tube that has a camera on the end and is placed through the anus

sigmoidoscopy

purulent

consisting of or containing pus

external urethral orifice

urinary meatus

aseptic; free of living microorganisms

sterile

beneath a fingernail or toenail

subungual

which blood tests are used prior to any injection of contrast media?

BUN AND CREATININE ONLY

CHEST TUBES (THORACOSTOMY TUBE) FOR fluid and air at level

fluid: 5th to 6th intercostal space- laterally to midline

air- 2nd to 3rd intercostal space

Endotracheal tubes are placed

1- 2 “ above carina

inflated with radiolucent balloon

Central Venous Lines

catheters inserted into large central vein

preferred location is the superior vena cava,

most common site for catheter is subclavian vein

other sites include internal jugular and femoral vein

PA LINES

pulmonary arterial lines- SWANZ-GANZ catheters

single lumen with small electrode used to monitor PA pressures

distal tip will be located in one of the two pulmonary arteries

PNEUMOTHORAX AND HEMOTHORAX associated with

foley catheter filled with ..

STERILE WATER

TIME LENGTH FOR URINARY CATHETERS

plastic- short term use

latex- 2-3 weeks

polyvinyl chloride- 4-6 weeks

silicone - 2 - 3 months