Computer Networks - Lecture 1

Flashcards covering key concepts from the introduction to computer networks lecture.

What are the two types of switching in network taxonomy?

Circuits (Connection-Oriented, circuit switching) and Packets (Connectionless, packet switching).

What are the two types of network architecture?

Peer-to-peer and client-server.

What are the three types of networks based on use?

Public, private, and hybrid.

What are the different network types according to size?

Personal Area Network (PAN), Local Area Network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), and Wide Area Network (WAN).

What is a network topology?

A way of arranging connections (links) between stations (nodes) in a network.

What does the separation of layers in the ISO/OSI model allow?

Independent development and implementation of layers and communication protocols.

What are the 7 layers of the ISO/OSI model?

Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical.

What is a medium in the OSI model?

Cable, air, etc.

What does LH stand for?

Layer Header.

What does PDU stand for?

Protocol Data Unit.

What is the purpose of the Internet Protocol (IP)?

It allows data to be delivered between stations using unique IP addresses.

To what layer of the TCP/IP model does the IP protocol belong?

The network layer.

What is the main motivation for IP addressing?

To assign unique "names" for all computers in the network.

What are the bit sizes for IPv4 and IPv6 addresses?

32 bits (IPv4) and 128 bits (IPv6).

What is the purpose of subnetting or segmentation?

To group computers communicating with each other into certain groups.

What is the IPv4 prefix notation?

IP/PREFIX LENGTH, where prefix length indicates the number of bits common to all members of the same network.

What is a network prefix?

The network prefix is the designation of all IP addresses that belong to a given address range.

What is a default gateway?

A router through which communication goes outside the local network.

What is a broadcast?

A message received by all stations on the network except for the originator.

What is the network prefix address?

The lowest address in the range.

What is the broadcast address?

The highest address in the range.