urinary system

The renal capsule covers the ____

kidney

Which of the following will not pass through the glomerular epithelium into the nephron

all of the above - RBCs, WBCs, protein molecules

Glucose is ____ in glomerular filtrate than in urine

at a higher concentration

The urinary bladder walls are composed of what type of muscle

smooth

One of the symptoms of kidney stones

blood in urine

Besides water, which of the following substances is usually found in urine at the bladder level

ammonia

Where are the kidneys located

upper abdominal cavity

Which of the urinary organs transports urine from the urine from the kidneys to the bladder

ureter

Urea and creatinine are ____ in urine than in glomeruluar filtrate

at a higher concentration

In which region of the kidney is blood filtered

cortex

Which of the following structures is located in the renal medulla

pyramids

Which of the following is the correct order in which blood arrives at the glomerulus

renal artery, segmental, lobar, interlobar, arcuate, cortical radiate, arcuate, afferent arteriole

As blood travels through the vessels, that surround the nephrons, it exits the kidneys through a series of vessels that are in direct reverse of the arteries which one exception

there are no segmental veins

What happens at the Bowman's capsule

filtration

Which of the following usually makes up a sizable portion of glomerular filtrate

water and glucose

Which of the following is either completely or partially reabsorbed, respectively, at the nephron

glucose and water

Which urinary disorder can be confused with symptoms of endometriosis

interstitial cystitis

Which of the following is a symptom of diabetes mellitus

polyuria

____ is the most common genetic cause of kidney disease

none of the above - PKD

Fever, abdominal pain, fatigue, bruising, and increased urination indicate this disorder

hemolytic uremic syndrome

Which of the following may be a cause of overactive bladder

overactivity of stretch receptors

Decreased urine output, uremia, and fluid retention are all symptoms of

renal failure

Uremia is caused by

accumulation of organic wastes in blood

Why does blood loss damage the kidneys

decreased blood flow causes tissue damage

The most common cause of nephropathy is

diabetes mellitus

When systemic blood pressure has increased, what protective measures do the kidneys take

vasoconstrict

In producing urine, the kidney is able to

all of the above - control the body's fluid and electrolyte balance, eliminate waste products, and control BP

This hormone is secreted by the hypothalamus when BP decreases or ionic concentration increases; it results in increased reabsorption of water in nephron

antidiuretic hormone

The kidneys help control body pH by determining the amount of ____ to include in the urine

hydrogen ions

Which of the following occur because too little antidiuretic hormone is being produced and secreted

diabetes insipidus

BPH stands for

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Give the brand name for tamsulosin hydrochloride

Flomax

What would you want to instruct your patient taking tamsulosin hydrochloride in relation to his BP

Advise patient that with starting this drug they might have a sudden drop in their BP, especially when they take it for the first time