Chapter 1 101 notes

Biology

study of life

cells

structural and functional units of life

Bacteria and Archea/ Prokaryotic

Prokaryotic cells, lacking nuclei and other organelles. Are single celled.

Eukarya/ Eukaryotes

More complex cells unlike bacteria and archea. Has nucleus, organelles, larger and complex.

Data

Recorded observations

Quantative data

Numerical measurements, organized into tables oand graphs and analyzed with statistics

Hypothesis

proposed explanation for a set of observations, leads to predictions that can be tested by doing experiments or more observations

Experiment

scientific test, often carried out under controlled conditions

Independant variable

Manipulated by the researchers

Dependent variable

measure used to judge the outcome of the experiment. Depends on or affected by manipulated variable (independent variable)

controlled variable

is one in which an experimental group is compared with a control group

Evolution

the process of change that has transformed life on earth from its earliest forms to the vast array of organisms living today

Artificial selection

the selective breeding of domesticated plants and animal to promote the occurrence of desirable traits

DNA

provides master instructions for all of a cells functions, heritable information that I passed from one generation to the next

Genes

Unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA